Abstract
ABSTRACT In recent years, ozone (O3) air pollution has become a major problem—which is still increasing—in China. In this study, data on the O3 concentration as well as on two of its influencing factors, meteorological parameters and traffic conditions, were collected in Fuzhou and then analyzed via wavelet transforms to evaluate the variation in O3 concentration and its relationships with the factors. High concentrations appeared during spring and summer, and notable fluctuations occurred primarily from March till April, from June till July and during September. The level of O3 exhibited significant positive correlations with the temperature and sunshine duration but negative ones with the relative humidity, precipitation and air pressure; additionally, it increased when the wind speed was low and fluctuated when the wind speed was high. The concentration was also significantly negatively correlated with the concentrations of O3 precursors (NOx and CO) and hence closely related to the traffic conditions, as the reduced vehicle speed during rush hour due to increased vehicle flow and traffic density led to higher precursor emissions in the vehicular exhaust. A prominent “weekend effect” was observed with the precursor levels, which displayed greater fluctuations during the weekdays than the weekends; the vehicle flow and the O3 concentration.
Highlights
With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the air pollution problems have drawn unprecedented attention of the society in China
According to the trend between O3 concentration and meteorological parameters, one year is divided into four seasons: spring (March–May), summer (June–August), autumn (September–November), and winter (December– February)
Fuzhou was affected by the monsoon climate, the average daily temperature and light intensity reached higher value, which has proved to be advantageous for photochemical reaction
Summary
With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the air pollution problems have drawn unprecedented attention of the society in China. The surface ozone (O3) has replaced inhalable particles (PM10) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) as the primary pollutant in many Chinese cities. Tropospheric O3 is a secondary air pollutant, which is produced by the photochemical reaction involving NOx (NO and NO2) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the presence of sunlight. O3 pollution has been found in most of Chinese areas, such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region (BTH) (Li et al, 2015; Li et al, 2020), the Pearl River Delta (PRD) Zheng et al, 2010; Lin et al, 2019) and the Yangtze River
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