Assessment of the cardiovascular risk in women of reproductive age depending on the presence of gestational arterial hypertension in the anamnesis

Abstract

Aim. To assess the cardiovascular risk in women of reproductive age, depending on the presence of gestational arterial hypertension in the anamnesis. Methods. Examined were 25 practically healthy volunteers with normal blood pressure, 33 patients with high normal blood pressure and 77 women with arterial hypertension (Classification of the All-Russian Scientific Society of Cardiologists, 2010) with a history of arterial hypertension of 0.5-24 years. The average age of patients with arterial hypertension was 40.8±4.5 years. All examined individuals were divided into two groups depending on the presence of gestational arterial hypertension. Determined were the group averages and grades (in percent) of the studied factors. Results. Among women of the reproductive age gestational arterial hypertension was significantly more common in patients with arterial hypertension compared to women with normal levels of blood pressure (62.3 vs. 16%, p 0.001 by χ2 criteria). In the group of patients with arterial hypertension who have gestational arterial hypertension, compared with those individuals with normal blood pressure, who have gestational arterial hypertension significantly more ofter (p 0.05, Fisher’s exact test) seen was the abdominal type of obesity (54.1 vs. 0%). In the group of patients with arterial hypertension who have gestational arterial hypertension, compared with individuals with normal blood pressure without gestational arterial hypertension significantly more often (Fisher’s exact test) recorded was a family history of cardiovascular disease (inxcluding arterial hypertension), obesity, especially the abdominal type; revealed were significantly (by the U criteria) higher mean values of waist circumference, waist circumference relationship to hip circumference, body mass index, total cholesterol level. A significantly (p 0.01, Fisher’s exact test) greater proportion of individuals with very high additional risk of developing complications of hypertension in the next 10 years was noted in the group of patients with arterial hypertension and gestational arterial hypertension compared to patients with high normal blood pressure and gestational hypertension (37.5 vs. 0%). Conclusion. In women of reproductive age gestational arterial hypertension is a specific risk factor for subsequent arterial hypertension that is associated with significantly greater frequency of obesity, especially the abdominal type, very high additional risk of complications of arterial hypertension, as well as significantly higher mean values of waist circumference, ratio of waist circumference / hip circumference, and total cholesterol level.