Abstract
In the present study, novel, 1,3-diaryltriazene-derived triazene compounds were synthesized and tested. Triazenes are versatile and belong to a group of alkylating agents with interesting physicochemical properties and proven biological activities. This study describes the synthesis, molecular and crystalline structure, biological activity evaluation, and antifungal and antimicrobial potentials of 1,3-bis(X-methoxy-Y-nitrophenyl)triazenes [X = 2 and 5; Y = 4 and 5]. The antimicrobial and antifungal activities of the compounds were tested by evaluating the sensitivity of bacteria (American Type Culture Collection, ATCC) and clinical isolates to their solutions using standardized microbiological assays, cytotoxicity evaluation, and ecotoxicity tests. The antimicrobial potentials of triazenes were determined according to their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs); these compounds were active against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, with low MIC values. The most surprising result was obtained for T3 having the effective MIC of 9.937 µg/mL and antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 90028, C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019, and C. tropicallis IC. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to report promising activities of triazene compounds against yeast and filamentous fungi. The results showed the potential utility of triazenes as agents affecting selected resistant bacterial and fungal strains.
Highlights
In the present study, novel, 1,3-diaryltriazene-derived triazene compounds were synthesized and tested
Bacteria inoculated with chloramphenicol (20 μg/mL), a known antibacterial agent, at the same quantities and volumes as in the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) determination test, showed that Staphylococcus hemolyticus IC 13084879 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 growth was inhibited at concentrations greater than 0.15 μg/mL and Salmonella Enteritidis ATCC 13076 at concentrations greater than 0.31 μg/mL (Table 6)
Triazene compounds that showed the greatest ecotoxicity were those with the best antimicrobial activity; this corroborates the results presented in this study
Summary
Novel, 1,3-diaryltriazene-derived triazene compounds were synthesized and tested. These new triazene compounds have been evaluated for biological and antimicrobial activities of clinical interest using standardized microbiological assays. To determine the potency of the test triazene compounds, a comparison was made between their MIC results and those of the known antibiotics, according to Eq 1
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