Assessment of the benthic biota of a deep coastal ecosystem by remote and in situ sampling techniques

Abstract

Deep coastal ecosystems (>35 m) occur on the continental shelf of many regions and are poorly understood relative to shallow-water ecosystems. These ecosystems frequently support commercially important benthic-associated species, such as the western rock lobster – the most valuable single-species fishery in Australia. We used remote (towed video) and in situ (diver collection) sampling techniques to investigate the benthic biota of deep coastal ecosystems along the temperate west coast of Australia. We tested the hypotheses that (1) there is no difference in benthic assemblage structure between shallow and deep coastal ecosystems, (2) there is no difference in benthic assemblage structure between locations, and (3) both sampling techniques provide comparable descriptions of benthic assemblages. Deep coastal ecosystems were found to have significant algal and sponge assemblages, suggesting that a reduction in irradiance with depth is not constraining algal distribution. Differences in sponge, algal and macroinvertebrate community composition were detected at a regional scale between study locations. Both sampling techniques identified differences in the composition of benthic assemblages according to location, and yielded similar outcomes with respect to sponge and algal assemblages, suggesting that a single method of habitat classification can be used in future studies to determine broad scale patterns in benthic assemblage composition.