Abstract
BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and aggression have been demonstrated to serve as risk factors of suicidal behaviours (SB). Non-suicidal self-injury disorder (NSSID) and Suicidal Behaviour Disorder (SBD) are among new diagnostic categories for further studies in the DSM-5 classification.MethodsWe recruited 196 girls (aged 15.5 ± 1.2 years) diagnosed with conduct disorder (CD). All of them were assessed with respect of non-suicidal self-injury acts, suicidal attempts, psychopathology, self-esteem and general functioning.ResultsAge of NSSI onset was significantly lower compared to age of first suicidal attempt. SBD was present in 50.0% of patients with NSSID and the prevalence of NSSID in individuals with SBD was estimated at 52.2%. A diagnosis of NSSID, with at least 8 days of engagement in self-injuries during the preceding year, significantly predicted the risk of SBD. This effect appeared to be independent of depressive symptomatology.LimitationsOur results cannot be generalized over the whole population of individuals diagnosed with CD because of a lack of male patients, as well as individuals with the most severe and mildest forms of CD. Causal inferences cannot be established due to a cross-sectional study design.ConclusionsThe NSSID with at least 8 days of engagement in self-injuries during the preceding year serves as a predictor of SBD independently of the effects of depressive symptoms. Longitudinal studies are required to confirm our findings.
Highlights
According to the World Health Organization, suicide is the second leading cause of death in females aged 15–19 years and is ranked as the third cause of death among men of the same age [1]
Current depressive symptoms serve as a predictor of Suicidal Behaviour Disorder (SBD) in girls with conduct disorder (CD)
The age of the Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) onset was significantly lower compared to the age of the first suicidal attempt (p < 0.001)
Summary
According to the World Health Organization, suicide is the second leading cause of death in females aged 15–19 years and is ranked as the third cause of death among men of the same age [1]. Risk factors of suicide are being intensively researched in the general population of adolescents as well as in various clinical populations. Non-suicidal self-injuries (NSSIs) occur in 17–18% of adolescents in community samples [3], and though they are not related to suicidal ideation, they lead to body tissues’ damage. The link between NSSIs and suicidal behaviour (SB) has previously been postulated in both theoretical models and empirical studies, suggesting that NSSI acts as one of the crucial risk factors of SB [4]. Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and aggression have been demonstrated to serve as risk factors of suicidal behaviours (SB). Non-suicidal self-injury disorder (NSSID) and Suicidal Behaviour Disorder (SBD) are among new diagnostic categories for further studies in the DSM-5 classification
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