Abstract
Introduction: This research aims to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of the extracts from different parts of Cratoxylum formosum subsp. formosum.Methods: The in vitro inhibitory activities of the hexane (HEX), dichloromethane (DCM) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts from the flowers, leaves, roots and stems on pancreatic α-amylase (pAA), Saccharomyces α-glucosidase (SAG), rat intestinal maltase (rIM), and sucrase (rIS) were investigated. Results: The DCM and EtOAc extracts from the flowers (IC50 5.4 ± 1.5 and 10.5 ± 0.6 µg/mL) displayed the similar inhibitory activities as acarbose (IC50 7.2 ± 0.4 µg/mL) in the pAA assay. The inhibitory activities of the DCM and EtOAc extracts from the flowers (IC50 56.7 ± 8.9 and 20.4 ± 0.4 µg/mL), EtOAc extract from leaves (IC50 45.0 ± 3.5 µg/mL), DCM and EtOAc extracts from roots (IC50 35.0 ± 6.7 and 16.7± 3.6 µg/mL), and EtOAc extract from stems (IC50 31.1 ± 7.3 µg/mL) were more potent than acarbose (IC50 431.4 ± 16.7 µg/mL) on SAG inhibitory assay (P<0.05). In the rIM assay, DCM and EtOAc extracts from the flowers (IC50 8.5 ± 0.2 and 12.4 ± 0.3 µg/mL) exhibited stronger inhibitory activity than acarbose (IC50 38.5 ± 7.2 µg/mL) (P<0.05). Moreover, the inhibitory activity of DCM extract from the flowers (IC50 16.9 ± 1.5 µg/ mL) was comparable to the acarbose (IC50 15.5 ± 1.2 µg/mL) on rIS assay. Conclusion: The DCM and EtOAc extracts from the flowers were more active than the leaves, roots and stems in the inhibition of our defined target enzymes.
Highlights
This research aims to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of the extracts from different parts of Cratoxylum formosum subsp. formosum
Results pancreatic α-amylase (pAA) inhibitory activities According to the screening assay, the DCM and EtOAc extracts from the flowers, DCM extract from the roots, and CDM extract from the stems exhibited strong pAA inhibitory activities (Figure 1A)
The DCM extracts from the roots (IC50 37.3 ± 1.1 μg/mL) and stems (IC50 76.7 ± 12.1 μg/mL) were less potent than acarbose
Summary
This research aims to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of the extracts from different parts of Cratoxylum formosum subsp. formosum. Methods: The in vitro inhibitory activities of the hexane (HEX), dichloromethane (DCM) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts from the flowers, leaves, roots and stems on pancreatic α-amylase (pAA), Saccharomyces α-glucosidase (SAG), rat intestinal maltase (rIM), and sucrase (rIS) were investigated. Results: The DCM and EtOAc extracts from the flowers (IC50 5.4 ± 1.5 and 10.5 ± 0.6 μg/mL) displayed the similar inhibitory activities as acarbose (IC50 7.2 ± 0.4 μg/mL) in the pAA assay. Prolonged and uncontrolled hyperglycemia is a major risk, which is associated with diabetic angiopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy [3] These chronic conditions definitively lead to serious clinical complications, e.g. cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders, chronic renal diseases, hypertension, and cataract. All remaining chemicals used in this study were analytical grade
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