Abstract
Abstract: preventing greenhouse gasses discharge and proper environment maintenance is crucial for human race. For a sustained agricultural development, managing energy consumption and greenhouse gasses discharge (GHG) is important in all agricultural agroecosystem. This study aims to compare wheat cultivation in irrigated and dryland wheat production using energy usage-based greenhouse gas discharge in diverse climatic areas. Throughout 2019, a face-to-face questionary was used to obtain data from wheat cultivators. The total energy usage according to gathered data are 14975 and 54963.9 MJ ha−1 for dryland and irrigated wheat production. In dryland wheat production, energy consumption efficiency was 16% higher compared to energy consumption efficiency of irrigated wheat production. The total amount of GHG for dryland wheat production was 370.5 kg CO2-eq t−1 and 520.62 kg CO2-eq ha−1 and for irrigated wheat production, total GHG was 620.8 kg CO2-eq t−1 and 2986.71 kg CO2-eq ha−1. The order of GHG from low to high in dryland wheat production was chemical fertilizers, machinery, and diesel fuels. In order to reduce the GHG and its environmental effect, efficient energy consumption is vital in wheat production.
Highlights
Durum wheat is one of the most important crops reaching a share of 36 million tons of annual worldwide crop product (Triticum durum Desf.) (Gholamin and Khayatnezhad 2012)
The reason for more energy usage in irrigated wheat production in comparison to dryland wheat production was the higher energy consumption in diesel fuels, electricity that was used for pumping water, and more agricultural machinery usage
The main idea behind this research was to assess the relationship between energy usage and gasses discharge (GHG) of inputs in dryland and irrigated wheat production in five different climatic areas in Ardabil province of Iran
Summary
Durum wheat is one of the most important crops reaching a share of 36 million tons of annual worldwide crop product (Triticum durum Desf.) (Gholamin and Khayatnezhad 2012). A major GHG sources are agricultural production and their activities. Agriculture sector can allocate up to 10 to 12 percent of GHG for itself with emissions reaching 5.1–6.1 Pg CO2e year−1 (Asgharipour, Mousavinik, and Enayat 2016b). The high amount of GHG CO2 discharged from human related activities and its effect on climate changes turned into big political and ecological problem in the past decades, such as increase of CO2 density to 380 ppm from 280 ppm through 1700 to 2006 (IPCC, 2007). Due to impossibility of exact prediction of climate changes, the details of pollution forecast in future are arguable, but most scientists believe that temperature increase in future will have negative effects on agricultural and natural ecosystems and human development (Fischlin et al 2007). Realization of GHG that is discharged from different agricultural actions and systems is important for reducing harmful emissions in different areas
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