Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of our study is to use cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to assess the dimensional changes in the nasopharyngeal soft-tissue characteristics in children of Indian origin with repaired cleft lip and palate (CLP) and to compare the results with patients with ideal occlusion.Materials and methods: A sample of 20 children (10 girls, 10 boys) with repaired CLP was selected. Cone beam computed tomography scans were taken to measure the nasopharyngeal airway changes in terms of linear measurements and sagittal cross-sectional areas. Error analysis was performed to prevent systematic or random errors. Independent means t-tests and Pearson correlation analysis were used to evaluate sex differences and the correlations among the variables.Results: Nasopharyngeal soft-tissue characteristics were different in the control and the study groups. Subjects with repaired CLP had lesser lower aerial width, lower adenoidal width and lower airway width. The upper airway width was also significantly lesser. The retropalatal and the total airway area were significantly greater in the control group.Conclusion: The narrow pharyngeal airway in patients with CLP might result in functional impairment of breathing in patients. Further investigations are necessary to clarify the relationship between pharyngeal structure and airway function in patients with CLP.How to cite this article: Agarwal A, Marwah N. Assessment of the Airway Characteristics in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(1):5-9.
Highlights
Recent studies have demonstrated significant differences in facial structures and growth associated with cleft1,2Professor and Head 1Department of Orthodontics, Jaipur Dental College, Jaipur Rajasthan, India 2Department of Pedodontics, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College Jaipur, Rajasthan, IndiaThe high risk for sleep-disordered breathing in children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) is caused by the dysfunction of muscles controlling the soft palate in conjunction with structural abnormalities of the maxilla and the mandible.[2]
The narrow pharyngeal airway in patients with CLP might result in functional impairment of breathing in patients
Further investigations are necessary to clarify the relationship between pharyngeal structure and airway function in patients with CLP
Summary
Recent studies have demonstrated significant differences in facial structures and growth associated with cleft1,2Professor and Head 1Department of Orthodontics, Jaipur Dental College, Jaipur Rajasthan, India 2Department of Pedodontics, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College Jaipur, Rajasthan, IndiaThe high risk for sleep-disordered breathing in children with CLP is caused by the dysfunction of muscles controlling the soft palate in conjunction with structural abnormalities of the maxilla and the mandible.[2]. Recent studies have demonstrated significant differences in facial structures and growth associated with cleft. Morphometric evaluation of the pharyngeal airway is, important in patients with CLP. Lateral cephalograms are limited by the inherent errors accompanying the two-dimensional (2D) representation of a three-dimensional (3D) structure, including distortion, differences in magnification and the superposition of the bilateral craniofacial structures.[11]. With the advent of low-radiation, rapid computed tomography (CT) scanning,[12,13,14,15,16] the potential for orthodontists to assess craniofacial growth in 3D is available,[17,18] and with that analysis is the capability of evaluating the complete airway.[19,20]
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