Abstract
The Podu Iloaiei Dam Lake located on the Bahluet River from Bahlui hydrographic basin, north-eastern Romania, is one of the most important water resources used for aquaculture activities in the region of interest. In the present study, the chemical composition related to water-soluble ions and elements was assessed in both water and sediment samples collected from the area of interest during July 2017 and October 2017, representative months for warm and cold seasons, respectively. Water-soluble ions (H3C2O2−, HCO2−, C2O42−, F−, Cl−, NO2−, Br−, NO3−, SO42−, Li+, Na+, NH4+, K+, and Ca2+) were analyzed by ion chromatography, while inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to quantify water-soluble fractions of elements (Be, B, Mg, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ru, Pd, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Te, Ba, Ir, Tl, Pb, Bi, and U). Evidence was obtained on the contributions of both anthropogenic and natural (pedologic) related sources in controlling the chemical composition of the water and sediment samples in the area. Analysis of Piper diagrams revealed the existence of CO32−/HCO3− and Ca2+/Mg2+ as dominant species for the sediment samples. The interest water pool was found to be oligotrophic over the warm period and eutrophic over the cold period. Overall, abundances and the association of chemical species in the area seemed to be controlled by a complex interplay between the water body’s main characteristics, meteorological factors, and anthropogenic activities. Moreover, the present results suggest that precautions should be taken for physicochemical parameter monitoring and prevention acts for surface water quality assurance in order to control the potential negative influence of some chemical parameters on fish productivity. Reported data also have a high potential to be used by experts in the field of developing lake water management policies for a sustainable exploitation of various aquatic systems.
Highlights
Changes in surface water’s quality due to dramatically increased chemicals and nutrient materials threaten aquatic ecosystems and the environmental conditions
The major ions quantified by ion chromatography in water and sediment samples were Cl−, SO42−, Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, and K+
For water samples (Figure S2a), compared to sediment samples (Figure S2b), an anion deficiency of 12% for samples collected in July and 18% for samples collected in October was observed
Summary
Changes in surface water’s quality due to dramatically increased chemicals and nutrient materials threaten aquatic ecosystems and the environmental conditions. Evaluation of water and sediment physicochemical characteristics is highly important for quality control of surface water resources and for identification of potential exploitation. Heavy metal contamination of the aquatic environment has drawn special attention because of the persistence, bioaccumulation, and potential adverse effects on biota [2]. Understanding the physicochemical parameters and evaluation of the anthropogenic impact on surface water and sediment are highly important for water quality assessments and aquatic environmental protection. The sediment is a major sink of heavy metals due to scavenging of metals from the water column. It can be a potential source of metal contamination into the water column and aquatic biota due to remobilization processes. The construction of dams on rivers and the loss of water discharge could cause the accumulation of anthropogenic waste in water reservoirs [4]
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