Assessment of stereopsis in unilateral amblyopia subjects using syntonic phototherapy

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction Amblyopia is two Snellen line difference between both eyes. Red filter therapy is a treatment option for amblyopia based on principle of syntonic phototherapy. The purpose of this study is to assess the stereopsis in amblyopic patient using syntonic phototherapy. Methods A Qusai experimental study was conducted from August 2021 to December 2021 at Madina Teaching Hospital Faisalabad. A total 30 subjects of both gender and ages ranging between 8 to 18 years were included through a non-probability purposive sampling technique. The sample was considered of 15 anisometropic amblyopes and 15 strabismic amblyope. Data was collected using a Performa and pre assessments of stereopsis by Titmus fly chart were recorded without red filter. Red filter glasses were prescribed for 4 week, post assessment data was recorded after 4 weeks. Data was analyzed by using Paired sample T test and Independent Sample T test in SPSS 20 software. Results After syntonic phototherapy significant improvement was seen, mean stereopsis was 48.00000 (p = 0.002) in anisometropic amblyopes while mean improvement of stereopsis 1.670.93333 (p = 0.00) in strabismic amblyopes. Anisometropic amblyopic patients showed significantly better improvement in stereopsis (p = 0.00) by syntonic phototherapy as compared to strabismic amblyopes. Conclusion Significant improvement was seen in stereopsis, while improvement was more significant in anisometropic amblyopes as compared to strabismic amblyopes. Children were obsessed with the red filter glasses while their parents found syntonic therapy simple plus facile and gave good results. So, eye care professionals must be aware of this new therapy and they should keep syntonic phototherapy in mind whenever they are dealing with amblyopic patients.