Abstract
Injuries to ligaments of the knee are extremely common among athletes who participate in high-risk sports or any sport that requires frequent cutting motions, jumping, or contact. In order to determine the best way to heal these injuries, it is important to understand not just the pathology of the injury but also the biomechanical factors that are affected, including stability and steadiness. While many studies have been conducted to examine the stability of healthy knees, there is little to no existing literature on stability of knees afflicted by injury. In order to surpass this obstacle, static steadiness and dynamic stability data were collected using the Lockhart Monitor phone application and Xsens accelerometers, respectively, both before and after completion of a course of physical therapy in a subject with a grade 2 medial collateral ligament (MCL) tear. These results were then used to determine the degree to which the prescribed physical therapy protocol was effective in healing the MCL, which can be useful for adjusting the individual protocol for future conservative treatment and management of the injury.
Highlights
The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is one of the most frequently injured structures of the knee, especially by athletes who participate in sports with copious amounts of valgus knee loading [1]
The four main ligaments that serve as primary stabilizers of the knee include the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), MCL, lateral collateral ligament (LCL), and the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
Romberg ratio (QR) is a method of analyzing postural stability using sway area and sway velocity. This ratio is defined as eyes closed divided by eyes open (EC/EO) and can be calculated using both sway area and sway velocity
Summary
The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is one of the most frequently injured structures of the knee, especially by athletes who participate in sports with copious amounts of valgus knee loading [1]. Most people who sustain an injury to the MCL can achieve pre-injury activity levels with conservative non-surgical treatment; it is not uncommon for other structures to be damaged in addition to the MCL as a result of traumatic injury to the knee. The four main ligaments that serve as primary stabilizers of the knee include the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), MCL, lateral collateral ligament (LCL), and the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). LCL stabilize the knee on both of its sides In addition to these stabilizing ligaments, there are two cartilaginous structures that act as shock absorbers for axial stresses between the femur and tibia: the medial and lateral menisci [3]. The primary biomechanical function of the medial structures of the knee is to provide stability against valgus stress as well as
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