Assessment of some salivary biochemical parameters in cigarette smokers with chronic periodontitis

Abstract

Background and objectives: Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor that has a clear strong association with the prevalence and severity of chronic periodontitis (CP). Salivary biochemical parameters may be affected by both smoking and CP together. Method: Eighty systematically healthy male, were included in this study. They were grouped based on their periodontal and smoking status. Unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) was collected from all subject. Salivary flow rate (FR) was measured during sample collection. Parameters such as salivary pH, total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), globulin (Glo), total fucose (TF), protein bound fucose (PBF) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were estimated. Results: Salivary flow rate was not altered regarding to periodontal health status. Salivary pH was lower in smokers than in non- smokers, while it was not affected by periodontal health status. TP, Alb and Alb/Glo ratio were higher in CP patients. Saliva Glo and TF levels increased in both CP and smokers with CP, while salivary PBF level decreased in both CP and smokers with CP comparing to healthy control. The concentrations of these parameters did not affect by smoking status except for TP. Regarding CRP, in gen - eral, its level was higher in smokers than in non- smokers, while it was not affected by periodontal health status. Conclusion: Both smoking and chronic periodontitis together affect some salivary biochemical parameters, thus the concentra - tions of these parameters could be used as indicators for periodontal disease progression and severity in smokers with CP. Both smoking and periodontal health status together should be taken in consideration when salivary composition is studied.