Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. The metabolism of iron is closely regulated by hepcidin which exerts its action by interacting with a ferroportin.
 The aim of the present study was to assess the alterations in the levels of some serum biomarkers that have a role in iron homeostasis (hepcidin and ferroportin) in addition to hematological parameters (hemoglobin, leukocyte and platelets count) in different stages of BC.
 This study included 66 women with BC. The patients were categorized as follows : group 1 includes :22 patients with stage I disease ,group 2 includes: 22 patients with stage II disease ,and group 3 include: 22 patients with stage III disease .Group 4 includes :22 apparently healthy women as control.
 Data analysis revealed a significant elevation of serum hepcidin levels of patients groups 1, 2, and 3 (437.2±26.4, 501.4±31.8 and 558.5±21.3 pg/ml respectively) ,vs (179.4±19.8 pg/ml) of control, with steady elevations from stage I to III . Furthermore, serum ferroportin levels were significantly lowered in groups 1 and 3 compared to control (0.589±0.107 and 0.733±0.1 vs 1.37±0.28 ng/ml respectively).While blood hemoglobin level of group 3 were lower (11.96±0.18 vs 12.7±0.13g/dl ) compared with controls . Blood leukocyte count of patients (all groups) (7.39±0.28 ,8.93±0.48,9.86±0.52 (^103/µl) respectively) were markedly increased compared to controls (6.06±0.23), while mean platelet count for patients in group 2&3 were significantly increased compared to controls (313.9±19.3,309.2±25.3 vs 233.3±9.1 respectively).
 In conclusion, hepcidin, ferroportin and hematological markers including hemoglobin, WBC count and platelets count are altered in women with BC compared to healthy control. The changes occur mostly in accordance with disease stages.
Highlights
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women, it is estimated to affect (24.2%) of women worldwide
The mechanism by which chronic inflammation is related to BC prognosis is not fully clear . , complex processes through which chronic inflammation may promote carcinogenesis such as polarization of M2 tumor-associated macrophages via inflammatory cytokines with the subsequent production of tumor growth factors or promotion of angiogenesis [4,5].In addition, several prognostic factors are correlated with inflammatory status such as body fatness, physical activity, and cardiovascular comorbidity, which may affect tumor prognosis through alternate mechanisms
Sideropenic anemia is frequently reported in cancer patients, [14] that is mediated by the inflammatory cytokines produced by cancer cells and by macrophages infiltrating the cancer tissue [15]
Summary
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women, it is estimated to affect (24.2%) of women worldwide. Sideropenic anemia is frequently reported in cancer patients, [14] that is mediated by the inflammatory cytokines produced by cancer cells and by macrophages infiltrating the cancer tissue [15]. These cytokines stimulate the hepatic production of hepcidin, which in turn inhibit iron absorption in the duodenum and promote iron sequestration by macrophages limiting its recycling [16]. The aim of the present study was to assess the alterations in the levels of some serum biomarkers that have a role in iron homeostasis (hepcidin and ferroportin) in addition to hematological parameters (hemoglobin, leukocyte and platelets count) in different stages of BC
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Schedule a callMore From: Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN: 1683 - 3597 , E-ISSN : 2521 - 3512)
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