Assessment of some hematological factors in patients with COVID-19 and vaccinated individuals in Kirkuk city

Abstract

Abstract Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2), which is considered to be the main reason of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), initiates a multisystem inflammatory condition. The COVID-19 progression is thought to be influenced by hematological abnormalities. A complete blood count (CBC) is a repeatedly used, reasonably priced, and promptly performed testing technique that may be helpful in those processes. The predominance of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism is determined by d-dimer values. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the hematological factors in patients with COVID-19 and vaccinated individuals in Kirkuk city. Subject and Methods: Samples were taken from 167 participants aged 20 to 45 years, including men and women, from December 2021 to March 2022; these samples were taken randomly from patients with COVID-19 who were hospitalized and nonhospitalized, those who had received vaccine, and a control group (healthy people who do not have diseases). Samples of nasopharyngeal swabs were also collected from outpatients infected with COVID-19, and the infection was verified using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Also, PCR was done for control group and performed CBC and d-dimer tests for all samples. Results: Concerning to hematological tests, the outcomes have revealed significant results between study groups with WBC (P < 0.0001), RBC (P < 0.0001), lymphocyte (P < 0.0001), granulocyte (P < 0.0001), HB (P < 0.0001), HCT (P < 0.0001), MCH (P < 0.0017), PLT (P < 0.0455), and d-dimer (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Patients with COVID-19 have a reliable pattern of CBC parameter changes and normal values in the vaccinated individual.