Assessment of significant metals in effluents, soil, and pond water of tanneries south of capital of Sudan state

Mahdi Haroun Mahdi Haroun

doi:10.30574/wjarr.2021.12.2.0595

Abstract

In the present study, impact of tannery effluents and their subsequent on accumulation of some metals (Ca, K, Na, Mg, Cl, S, Cr, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn) in water and soil samples in and around South Khartoum industrial area, Khartoum-Sudan were studied. Concentration of metals in tannery effluents (SA), adjacent contaminated pond water (SB), Soil (SC), and uncontaminated water (SD) were assessed by atomic absorption photometer. The results showed high levels of Ca, K, Na, Mg, Cl, S, Cr, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn within the water from all sampling point (SA, SB and SC). The investigation exhibited that tanneries wastewater has high mean concentrations of Cr, Fe, Mn, and Pb in all sampling point of effluent, pond water, soil, and uncontaminated water, except Zn which is high only in soil sampling point (SC). The significant metals accumulation displayed a pattern of mean concentration as follow: Soil > Effluent >contaminated pond water > Un contaminated water. Significant metals toxicity levels within the totally different sampling points were compared with water from WHO. Mean metal concentrations in un contaminated water were among the allowable limit set by WHO except for Magnesium (Mg). The comparison indicated that soil (SC) within the neighboring industrial area accumulated metals, enhanced levels of toxic of metals such as Cr, Ni, Zn and Pb, which also demonstrated higher concentration levels in the adjacent contaminated pond water samples. increased levels of poisonous, that additionally incontestable higher concentration levels within the contaminated pond water.

Highlights

Tannery industries manufacture large quantity of contaminated effluents that usually discharged to surface water bodies and spring water aquifers
The concentration of these metals is highest in soil samples (SC), which is in line with previous findings of those industrial effluents discharged from the treatment plants having noxious heavy metals flows into the environment [14]
Therefor the premeditated standard deviation values associated to distribution of these metals in the soil samples display high scattering around the mean concentrations

Summary

Introduction

Tannery industries manufacture large quantity of contaminated effluents that usually discharged to surface water bodies and spring water aquifers. The problems of environmental pollution are arising hugely due to disposal of wastes [4,5,6]. Poisonous metals and trace metals within the effluent from process of animal skin is kind of hazards to water and soil [6,7]. The industrial growth in south of capital of Sudan has been presently redoubled up to considerably enhance economic process. The environmental contamination state of affairs within the space is turning into a lot of serious day by day. This example demands a strict treatment program for the effluents from work trade involving safe disposal. Resources area unit secured against any raised levels of the fatal metals, as reported for alternative elements of the globe [8,9,10]

Methods

Results

Conclusion