Abstract
BackgroundHypothyroidism, the commonest form of hormonal dysfunction, is due to thyroid hormone deficiency or its impaired activity. Homeostasis of the metabolism of minerals is regulated by thyroid hormones. If there is any disorder of the thyroid it will lead to disturbances of metabolism of minerals.AimTo study and compare serum calcium and serum phosphorus levels in patients of subclinical hypothyroidism and correlation of these parameters with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.Materials and methodsThis study included 70 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, 70 patients with overt hypothyroidism, and 70 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Thyroid profile (estimation of free triiodothyronine [FT3], free thyroxine [FT4], TSH) was done. In both cases and controls serum calcium and serum phosphorus levels were estimated.ResultsSerum calcium and phosphorus levels in patients of subclinical hypothyroidism was 8.75 ± 0.40 mg/dL and 3.80 ± 0.62 mg/dL, respectively. In patients with hypothyroidism it was 8.37 ± 0.52 mg/dL and 4.10 ± 0.75 mg/dL, respectively, and in controls it was 9.67 ± 0.97 mg/dL and 3.70 ± 0.71 mg/dL, respectively. Difference between these groups was statistically significant (p<0.05 ). Mean serum calcium and phosphorus for patients with TSH level <10 was 8.81 ± 0.33 mg/dL and 3.67 ± 0.60 mg/dL, respectively, and for TSH level >10 was 8.59 ± 0.51 mg/dL and 4.12 ± 0.54 mg/dL, respectively. The difference between both groups was statistically significant (p<0.05) for calcium, phosphorus .ConclusionsIn subclinical hypothyroidism serum calcium and serum phosphorus levels are significantly altered. Regular follow-up and estimating serum levels of these minerals in subclinical hypothyroidism patients should be done so it is beneficial to give mineral supplementations to prevent bone complications during the treatment of the disease.
Highlights
Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine disorders worldwide [1]
We found mean serum calcium levels in patients of subclinical hypothyroidism, hypothyroidism, and in controls was 8.75 ± 0.40 mg/dL, 8.37 ± 0.52 mg/dL and 9.67 ± 0.97 mg/dL respectively
Our results correlate with a study conducted by Kavitha MM et al [11], Arvind Bharti et al [12] - they found the mean serum calcium levels were significantly (p
Summary
Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine disorders worldwide [1]. The prevalence of hypothyroid is 10-11% in India [2]. Hypothyroidism is caused by decreased levels of thyroid hormones and it is among the most common endocrine disorders. Subnormal activity of the thyroid gland in hypothyroidism leads to mental and physical slowing because of a decrease in the basal metabolic rate [3]. Subclinical hypothyroidism, defined as an elevated serum thyroid-stimulating hormones (TSH) level with normal levels of free thyroxine (FT4) affects up to 10% of the adult population [5]. Subclinical (without obvious symptoms) hypothyroidism (low thyroid function) describes a situation in which thyroid function is only mildly low, so that the blood level of thyroxine remains within the normal range but the blood level of TSH is elevated [6]. Subclinical hypothyroidism, which is defined as elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels with free thyroxine concentrations within the reference range, is a common disorder that. If there is any disorder of the thyroid it will lead to disturbances of metabolism of minerals
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