Abstract
Hard rock aquifer is the most predominant in the southern peninsula exclusively in Tamil Nadu, India. Virudhunagar district is situated in the South west part of Tamil Nadu, mostly of hard rock topography. Groundwater plays a major role in this area contributing to domestic, irrigation and industrial practices. Running down of groundwater by extreme consumption and less recharge in the study area has reduced the level of groundwater. On the other hand, intensive domestic, agriculture and industrial practices impacts the quality of quality of groundwater as well. Hydro geochemistry plays an important role in evaluation of suitability of groundwater for its usage in several purposes. A total of 72 samples from North East Monsoon (NEM) and Post Monsoon (POM) has been analyzed hydrochemically. The irrigation quality parameters such as sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), %Na, Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Kelley’s index and Magnesium hazard were calculated using CHIDAM software 2020 in conjunction with USSL and Doneen diagrams. During NEM, EC and TDS ranges from 273 to 5869 mg/L and 194 to 4159 mg/L and during POM is from 235 to 6850 mg/L and 233.8 to 6916 mg/L. The hydrogeochemical facies represents that Ca-HCO3 and mixed Ca-Mg-Cl facies are predominant during NEM and Na-Cl and mixed Ca-Mg-Cl are predominant during POM. The higher concentration of TDS and EC in the samples reflects the unsuitability of groundwater in both seasons.
Highlights
The economic growth of the region has resulted in an increased demand for water; for potable supplies, for irrigation and industry
This study categorizes the groundwater samples collected from the study area conferring the quality and utility for two different seasons during North east monsoon and the post monsoon periods, using CHIDAM software
The results suggest that the TDS in groundwater is found higher in Post Monsoon (POM) than North East Monsoon (NEM) is due to the influence of the precipitation
Summary
The economic growth of the region has resulted in an increased demand for water; for potable supplies, for irrigation and industry. Groundwater is generally of tremendous microbiological feature and suitable of chemical quality for both irrigation and drinking purposes. Increasing population and industries have led to a prompt decline in groundwater level due to over-exploitation and caused in quality falls. The water resources available in India are not adequate to achieve the needs of the entire population [1] Numerous studies have been conducted by various researchers in different parts of the world on groundwater quality [2,3,4,5]. The foremost objective of the current work is to make a groundwater quality assessment for utility like drinking, domestic, and irrigation using CHIDAM software, based on the available physicochemical data for North East Monsoon and Post monsoon seasons for Virudunagar district
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