Abstract
Vehicle stability during cornering on horizontal road curves is a risky stage of travel because of additional factors acting. The main stability factor is centrifugal force, which depends on road curve sharpness and is very sensitive to driving speed usually controlled by the driver. However, the counterforce is produced at tire-road interaction, where different pavement types and states cause a wide variation of tire contact forces and vehicle stability. In the paper, the part of vehicle suspension performance while moving on a sharp horizontal road curve with different levels of pavement roughness was simulated by 14 degrees of freedom vehicle model. The model was built in MATLAB/Simulink software with available pavement roughness selection according to ISO 8608. The influence of variable suspension damping available in modern vehicles on risky cornering is analysed when a vehicle reaches the edge of the pavement with its specific roughness. Critical parameters of vehicle stability depending on road curvature, pavement roughness and driving speed are selected to assess the solutions for safe cornering.
Highlights
In the transport sector, safety affects the number of road deaths
It is evident that the accident rate at horizontal road curves is still relatively high for all regions
The correlation model confirmed that the combination of a vehicle speed with a horizontal curve radius had the most considerable impact of interaction on a road accident
Summary
Safety affects the number of road deaths. In the European Union, 31 500 people died on the roads in 2010, 26 000 in 2013, 25 250 in 2017 (Schiehlen & Iroz, 2015; 12th Annual..., 2018). The correlation model confirmed that the combination of a vehicle speed with a horizontal curve radius had the most considerable impact of interaction on a road accident Another driving simulation-based research revealed a significant difference among incident probabilities depending on a discrepancy between driver’s perceived speed and maximum safe speeds at road curves of 200 and 300 m radius (Yotsutsuji et al, 2017). A relatively new approach to keep the driving safety level is analysed by suggesting a specific design of semi-active suspension as a measure for reducing the loss of the vehicle stability on a single road curve with pavement defects. The unevenness of road pavement is one of the principal road quality indicators (Sivilevičius et al, 2017) that affect traffic safety and driving comfort It depends on unevenness level and the number and size of pavement defects (potholes, patches, transverse, longitudinal and meshy cracks, waves etc.) (Paukštė, 2015). The possible solution to deal with road pavement defects is to develop a vehicle chassis system utilising on-vehicle mounted sensors for real-time driving condition estimation or with a driver ability to select a suspension working mode
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