Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the resistance of three common bean genotypes (BRS Estilo, A211 and Mortiño) to the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli using different inoculation methods such as the root-dip, the colonized toothpick, and the agar-based disk-diffusion. After 35 days of inoculation, the disease severity was assessed by vascular discoloration on the stem of the plants by two methods: using a scoring scale and measuring the length of the discoloration with the aid of a millimeter ruler (cm). Results showed that the root-dip was the most effective inoculation method. As for the method of assessing the disease severity, the scoring scale was the best one, in addition to being easier for evaluating large amounts of common bean lines.
Highlights
Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f. sp. phaseoli Kendrick & Snyder (Fop) is considered one of the main root diseases of common bean and has spread across all bean-producing areas of Brazil (Pereira et al 2011)
The F. oxysporum species complex (FOSC) has suffered from multiple taxonomic classification systems and is composed of pathotypes classified into various forma specialis, based on pathogenic criteria (Lombard et al 2018)
Three bean accessions were used, namely A221 and Mortiño, which are classified as Fop-differentiating genotype, according to Woo et al (1996), and a common bean genotype with carioca grain type, BRS Estilo, which is considered susceptible to Fop (Batista et al 2016)
Summary
Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f. sp. phaseoli Kendrick & Snyder (Fop) is considered one of the main root diseases of common bean and has spread across all bean-producing areas of Brazil (Pereira et al 2011). The F. oxysporum species complex (FOSC) has suffered from multiple taxonomic classification systems and is composed of pathotypes classified into various forma specialis (formae speciales), based on pathogenic criteria (Lombard et al 2018). This fungus is ubiquitous in soils worldwide being able to grow saprophytically or colonizing plants and are responsible for the disease in more than 100 plant species (Michielse and Rep 2009, Pantelides et al 2013). Fop infection starts through the roots, colonizing the xylem and causing leaf wilting, vascular discoloration, chlorosis, dwarfing and premature plant death (Niño-Sanchez et al 2015, Garces-Fiallos et al 2017). Beans may be used to characterize the pathogenicity of Fop
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