Assessment of Renal Perfusion in a Canine Model Using FS069, A New Transpulmonary Echocontrast Agent.

Abstract

We have previously demonstrated the safety and efficacy of FS069, a new transpulmonary echocontrast agent, for myocardial opacification. To our knowledge, no information exists regarding the use of this agent for transcutaneous assessment of renal perfusion. We studied 14 mongrel dogs using intravenously administered FS069. Renal ultrasound imaging was performed with a Hewlett-Packard Sonos 1500 using a 3.5-MHz transducer. Renal blood flow (ReBF) was altered using renal artery occlusion in four dogs and dipyridamole (0.56 mg/kg IV) in ten dogs. Renal perfusion was quantitatively assessed before and after each intervention using background subtracted peak intensity. ReBF was assessed with radiolabeled microspheres in ten dogs. Renal opacification was observed in all 14 dogs at baseline. The intravenous contrast dose required to produce optimal renal opacification ranged from 0.3-0.7 cc. After renal artery occlusion, peak intensity was reduced from 5.4 +/- 5.8 to 0.93 +/- 1.1 units (r = 0.99, P < 0.008). As expected, blood pressure and ReBF dropped in all ten dogs after dipyridamole administration. Interestingly, peak intensity increased in all but one dog. An inverse correlation (r = -0.75, P = 0.02) was observed between ReBF and peak intensity (percent change from baseline). The inverse relation between ReBF and peak intensity observed suggests vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles in response to dipyridamole and a reduced clearance of the contrast. These findings are in agreement with previous data demonstrating decreased renal thallium clearance postdipyridamole administration. Our data document the feasibility to assess renal perfusion under various flow states after intravenous injection of FS069.