Abstract
The aim of the present study is twofold: to assess ex vivo the role of different lubricants on real-time torque generated during intracanal instrumentation and to check whether two different kinds of torque parameters, operative torque (OT) and average peak torque (APT), could produce similar results. Forty extracted single-rooted teeth were selected for the present study and divided into four equal groups (n = 10): Group A, NaCl 0.2%; Group B, NaOCl 5%; Group C, ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), and Group D, EDTA and hydrogen peroxide. Afterwards, Edge Taper F2 (Edge Endo, Albuquerque, New Mexico) were rotated clockwise at 300 rpm with 3 Ncm maximum torque by an endodontic torque recording motor. In each sample, mean OT and mean APT were recorded and statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA and a post hoc Bonferroni between groups (p < 0.05). EDTA (12.11 ± 4.45 Ncm) showed statistically significant (p < 0.05) lower values compared with the other tested irrigant for both parameters. Overall, the two different parameters were both able to differentiate between the influence of lubricants on torsional loads.
Highlights
Nickel–titanium rotary (NTR) instruments gained a primary role in root-canal treatment (RCT).Despite that, NTR instrument failure is approximately 1% of all RCTs [1,2]
Many studies evaluated the torsional resistance of an NTR instrument, locking it 3 mm from the tip, whilst the motor rotates at 2 rpm until fracture occurs [7,8,9]
In terms of operative torque” (OT), the results showed statistically significant difference (p mean OT, the results showed statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between EDTA
Summary
Nickel–titanium rotary (NTR) instruments gained a primary role in root-canal treatment (RCT).Despite that, NTR instrument failure is approximately 1% of all RCTs [1,2]. Reported that torsional stresses are the major responsible of the failure of these files in 55% of the examined cases, while flexural stresses cause 45% of the failure [3] This ratio could even be changed in recent years, since manufacturers have produced more flexible instruments thanks to the introduction of new heat treatment processes [4,5,6]. Despite being easier to perform, static tests do not reflect an instrument’s clinical performance during RCTs. Recently developed software and manufacturing allowed the realization of devices able to evaluate and record real-time torque variation. Developed software and manufacturing allowed the realization of devices able to evaluate and record real-time torque variation For this reason, thanks to these new devices, previous published studies managed to introduce the idea of an “operative torque” [10].
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