Abstract
The development of high yielding cotton hybrids is essential to meet the current cotton demands. On the other hand, the cotton ratooning allows to obtain maximum seed yields with early maturity of plant. Therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate the per se performance, ratooning ability and heterosis effects for yield and yield contributing traits in 28 novel hybrids through line x tester analysis by considering four varieties as lines and seven varieties as testers. Significant variability was observed for all investigated traits excluding the number of monopodial branches and boll weight traits in parents and their 28 hybrids. Among the parents, TSH 0499 and TSH 04/115 exhibited a fair performance for yield and yield contributing traits and SURABHI, TSH 0250 and VS 9-S11-1 expressed superior ratooning ability. Therefore, these parents have a potential to be exploited for the development of the efficient cotton hybrids. Among the tested F1 hybrids, TSH 0499 x TCH 1777, BGDS 1063 x TCH 1819, TSH 0499 x TCH 1819 and TSH 04/115 x SVPR 4 hybrids recorded superior performance for number of bolls, boll weight, lint index and seed cotton yield in first crop, respectively. The hybrids ARBC 19 x TSH 0250, TSH 0499 x SURABHI , TSH 0499 x TSH 0250 and TSH 0499 x TCH 1705-101 displayed good ratooning performance for number of bolls, boll weight, lint index and seed cotton yield, respectively. All the hybrids expressed a range of significantly positive and negative heterosis for tested traits. However, the observed negative heterosis for seed index is desirable since the hybrids produce more lint. The results of this study would give insights into the understanding of genetic variance present in the intra-hirsutum hybrids.
Highlights
Cotton is highly accessible to the improvement of genotypes as varieties with the huge amenability for exploitation of heterosis at commercial scale
The significant variation was observed for all the traits excluding the traits namely number of monopodial branches per plant and boll weight (Table 1).Similar results were reported by Ranganatha et al, (2013)[5]
Negative heterosis is desirable for seed index since the hybrids produce more lint[16]
Summary
Cotton is highly accessible to the improvement of genotypes as varieties with the huge amenability for exploitation of heterosis at commercial scale. Utilization of hybrids is one of the means for improvement of the yield and other yield contributing traits in cotton. Albeit the release of numerous hybrids during last decade has increased the productivity of cotton, the yields of hybrids appear to have reached stagnation[2,3]. This might be due to lack in identification or development of specific combiners for important yield contributing characters in hybrid populations and use of less diversified genotypes in hybridization programme. For commercial exploitation of heterosis in cotton, pre-requisites are identification of parents which show good heterosis on crossing and production of high yielding hybrids
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