Abstract
The overall responsibility for waste management in Phnom Penh Capital (PPC) has rested with the municipal authorities and contracted waste collection companies. Providing waste collection services is a major challenge for Phnom Penh due to the increasing waste volume and the deficiency of the system under public–private partnership. In response to continuing population growth and urbanization, sustainable management is necessary. This study reviewed the details of the processes and examined the performance of the private sector and local government authorities (LGAs). The study used sustainability assessment, according to a success and efficiency factor method. This assessment method was developed to support solid waste management in developing countries. Multiple sustainability domains were evaluated: institutional, legislative, technical, environmental and health aspects as well as social, economic, financial and critical aspects. The results indicate that the long-term contract design attempts for partnership may actually result in a worsening of the situation by facilitating new ways of concentration, inefficiency and political interest. The limited institutional capacity of the public sectors is a consequence of the inefficient decentralization of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) policies. Public–private partnerships can be neither effective nor sustainable if LGAs and CINTRI co. Ltd. waste collection company do not build proper incentives into their management of the two sectors. Revisiting the legal framework, establishing a facilitating agency that will assist in the design and the nurturing of partnerships, competitive tendering, and transparency and financial accountability are essential elements for PPP on the provision of waste services in PPC.
Highlights
There has an increase in interest in addressing the weak performance of the public sector, including reducing costs, improving efficiency and ensuring environmental protection [1]
Public–private partnerships are often a suggested response to reduce the cost of waste management, improve service quality and make a formal link between public and private sector operations to improve the efficiency of the entire sector
Since waste collection services in Phnom Penh have been awarded to a single company via a long-term, confidential contract as part of private partnership (PPP), collection service provision has been difficult to monitor; the fee structure has not improved household waste collection systems; collector employment conditions do not incentivize performance [9]; and citizens living in peri-urban communities often throw out waste in open spaces or illegal dumpsites due to the lack of the access to collection services
Summary
There has an increase in interest in addressing the weak performance of the public sector, including reducing costs, improving efficiency and ensuring environmental protection [1]. Some studies show that the PPP model of waste management in cities such as in Lagos, Nigeria [2] and other developing economies [3,4]. Public–private partnerships are often a suggested response to reduce the cost of waste management, improve service quality and make a formal link between public and private sector operations to improve the efficiency of the entire sector. The waste management in this city is labor-intensive It is a low-margin business and the collection service provision has been delivered by six different organizations since 1994 (see Figure 1)
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