Assessment of periodontal health among jail inmates of Guntur city Andhra Pradesh: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Introduction: Oral health is an integral part of general health. Various factors are responsible for maintenance of good oral health. Socioeconomic status, occupation, education are playing major role in the maintenance of good oral health. Prisoners are psychologically, socially, morally and economically affected group, which makes them to neglect their general, as well as oral health. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological study was designed and undertaken at district prison in Guntur city to assess the periodontal health status and loss of attachment (LOA) in accordance with their years of imprisonment. Results: The total prison population of the district prison was 180 (145 males, 35 females) with the age group of 18-65 years. Calculus was observed among 38.8% of total inmates, and it was observed more 25 (35.7%) who were imprisoned for 4-6 years. Pockets measuring 4-5 mm was observed among 15.5% of total inmates and it was observed 10 (35.7%) who were imprisoned for 2-4 years. Pockets measuring >6 mm were observed among 5%of total inmates and it was observed more 4 (40%) who were imprisoned for >6 years. There was highly statistically significant differences in LOA scores between the inmates imprisoned for a different period of imprisonment (P = 0.005). Conclusion: This study conducted in central jail has clearly indicated that their periodontal health status is poor because of lack of knowledge on oral health care measures and accessibility to aids used in oral hygiene practices. Preventive measures to improve dental care and provision of dental health education are very much necessary to ensure optimum oral health among the inmates.