Abstract
Background and aims: The emergence and spread of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are greatly complicating tuberculosis (TB) control efforts in many countries. In India, in 2018, out of 2.4 million notified cases of TB, there were an estimated 66359 and 3,882 laboratory-confirmed cases of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) respectively. The main objective of this study was to assess pattern of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and factors associated with it in Rewa district of Madhya Pradesh, India. Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was carried out at a tertiary care center in Rewa district from March 1, 2019, to February 29, 2020 (12 months). Taking the census method into account, all of 186 DR-TB cases registered at District Tuberculosis Centre (DTC), Rewa district, with the age of 18 years and above were included in the study. All the patients were interviewed thoroughly using a pre-tested, pre-validated, and reliable pro forma which included information regarding socio-demographic profile and history of TB. For statistical analysis, chi-square test (with/without Yate’s correction) was applied and a P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In the present study, 71.6% and 28.4% of the cases were reported to be male and female, respectively. Additionally, 78.4% of the study subjects belonged to the age group of less than 45 years. Besides, rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB) was found to be the most prevalent type (56.4%), followed by isoniazid-resistant TB (HR-TB) (13.4%), and mixed pattern (12.4%) of DR-TB. Conclusion: DR-TB was more commonly observed in males of the economically productive age group (45 years and below), which can affect the social and economic development of individual, society, and nation.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic, common, infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, mainly affecting the lungs besides brain, kidneys, or spine.[1]
Sampling and Sample Size Using census method, all of 186 drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) cases registered at District Tuberculosis Centre (DTC), Rewa district with the age of 18 years and above were included in the study
More than three-fourths of the patients came from rural regions of Rewa district
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic, common, infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, mainly affecting the lungs besides brain, kidneys, or spine.[1]. The emergence and spread of drugresistant strains of M. tuberculosis are greatly complicating TB control efforts in many countries.[2]. In 2018, there were approximately 500 000 (417 000– 556 000) new cases of resistance to Rifampicin (first-line anti-TB drug) globally, of which 78% had multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). The emergence and spread of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are greatly complicating tuberculosis (TB) control efforts in many countries. The main objective of this study was to assess pattern of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and factors associated with it in Rewa district of Madhya Pradesh, India. Taking the census method into account, all of 186 DR-TB cases registered at District Tuberculosis Centre (DTC), Rewa district, with the age of 18 years and above were included in the study.
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