Assessment of Pattern of CD4+ T-Cell Recovery Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patients After Initiation of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy at Arsi Negelle Health Center, Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.

Abstract

BackgroundAntiretroviral therapy has resulted in significant reductions in HIV-associated complications by recovering the CD4+ T cell count. Some patients may not be successful in attaining this result, and some may achieve it only after many years of treatment.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess CD4+ T cell recovery and non-response patterns among HAART experienced HIV-positive patients at the Arsi Negelle health center.MethodsThis was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted among HAART experienced HIV/AIDS patients at Arsi Negelle Health Center from January 01, 2014 to January 06, 2019. Data were documented to a data retrieval form and analyzed with SPSS version 20. Linear regression analysis was used to identify predictors of CD4 count change. A P-value of <0.05 was considered significant.ResultsThe total median of CD4+ T cells increased from 257 cells/uL at the baseline to 382 cells/uL after 6 months, then to 591 cells/uL after 60 months of treatment. The non-response rate was 22.1% and 23.8% among the total study participants and children of less than 15 years, respectively. Only baseline CD4+ T cell was associated with a change in CD4+ T cell count.ConclusionFrom our study, we can conclude that CD4+ T cell count has recovered in most of the study participants after HAART initiation. The immunological non-response rate of study participants was 22.1% after 12 months on HAART and 7.2% at the end of the study.