Abstract

BackgroundThe assessment of patient safety culture refers mainly to surveys exploring the perceptions of health professionals in hospitals. These surveys have less relevance when considering the assessment of the patient safety culture of medical students, especially at university or medical school. They are indeed not fully integrated in care units and constitute a heterogeneous population. This work aimed to find appropriate assessment tools of the patient safety culture of medical students.MethodsSystematic review of the literature. Surveys related to a care unit were excluded. A typology of the patient safety culture of medical students was built from the included surveys.ResultsEighteen surveys were included. In our typology of patient safety culture of medical students (15 dimensions), the number of dimensions explored by survey (n) ranged from 1 to 12, with 6 “specialized” tools (n ≤ 4) and 12 “global” tools (N ≥ 5). These surveys have explored: knowledge about patient safety, acknowledgment of the inevitability of human error, the lack of skills as the main source of errors, the errors reporting systems, disclosure of medical errors to others health professionals or patients, teamwork and patient involvement to improve safety in care.ConclusionsWe recommend using Wetzel’s survey for making an overall assessment of the patient safety culture of medical students at university. In a specific purpose—e.g. to assess an educational program on medical error disclosure—the authors recommend to determine which dimensions of patient safety will be taught, to select the best assessment tool. Learning on patient safety should however be considered beyond the university. International translations of tools are required to create databases allowing comparative studies.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12909-016-0778-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Highlights

  • The assessment of patient safety culture refers mainly to surveys exploring the perceptions of health professionals in hospitals

  • In a specific purpose—e.g. to assess an educational program on medical error disclosure—the authors recommend to determine which dimensions of patient safety will be taught, to select the best assessment tool

  • Learning on patient safety should be considered beyond the university

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Summary

Introduction

The assessment of patient safety culture refers mainly to surveys exploring the perceptions of health professionals in hospitals. These surveys have less relevance when considering the assessment of the patient safety culture of medical students, especially at university or medical school. They are not fully integrated in care units and constitute a heterogeneous population. Full list of author information is available at the end of the article reduction of risk of unnecessary harm associated with healthcare to an acceptable minimum” This is a definition integrated in a systemic approach as described by. The concept of “safety culture” was first used by the International

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