Assessment of Pain Intensity among Preschool-age Children during Venipuncture

Abstract

Background: Venipuncture is a devastating medical, emotional, and physical problem for pediatric patients and their families. Blood drawing is one of the most frightening and distressing nursing procedures for hospitalized children. Aim: To assess pain intensity among preschool children during venipuncture. Research design: A descriptive research design was used in the current study. Sample included 60 preschool-age children undergoing venipuncture procedures over six months. Setting of the study: - Pediatric medical unit at Minia University Hospital for Obstetrics and Pediatrics. Tools: Tool (I): structured interview questionnaire which developed by the researcher Tool (II): Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale Tool (III): Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (CHEOPS). Results: The highest percentage of the studied preschool-age children experienced severe pain during venipuncture procedure according Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale. The total mean scores of Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale and Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale were high markedly during venipuncture. There were statistically significant negative correlations between children's age and the total mean scores of the CHEOPS and Face Pain Rating Scale during venipuncture. Conclusion: it was concluded that preschool-age children complained from severe pain intensity during venipuncture procedure. Recommendation: An educational training program is mandatory for pediatric nurses about pain assessment and pain management strategy during venipuncture and other painful procedures.