Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective To evaluate oxidative stress in saliva of children with dental erosion as compared to children with no erosion.Methods One single examiner, trained and prepared to make diagnosis of dental erosion according to the Basic Erosive Wear Examination index, selected 40 children aged 4 to 6 years, who attended a pediatric dentistry prevention clinic. Two groups were formed - one comprising children with dental erosion (n=22), and another with no dental erosion (n=18). The quantity of dental biofilm was verified using the Simplified Index of Oral Hygiene, and unstimulated saliva was collected for biochemical analyses. The following were assessed in saliva: flow rate, buffering capacity, pH, and total protein concentration. Malondialdehyde levels were also verified to determine oxidative stress and total antioxidant status.Results The quantity of biofilm was smaller in children with mean dental erosion±standard deviation (0.76±0.25), as compared to those with no dental erosion (1.18±0.28). There was no statistical difference in saliva parameters of oxidative stress in children with dental erosion.Conclusion The activity of oxidative stress in saliva did not influence dental erosion process when in its early stages.
Highlights
Dental erosion is an oral health problem that affects mainly children and adolescents due to recent changes in lifestyle.[1]. It is caused by a chemical process of irreversible loss of the mineral and superficial structure of teeth, resulting from an acid aggression with no bacterial involvement.[2]. Its etiology is complex and multifactoral; it may be of intrinsic origin, when associated with the presence of gastric acid in the oral cavity, or of extrinsic origin, caused mainly by the high consumption of acid foods and beverages.[3]. In the last few years, dental erosion has been in the spotlight, mainly due to its high and increasing prevalence
Despite the high prevalence of dental erosion in the population, especially in children and young people, this oral health problem is mostly found in early stages, in which the lesions are usually limited to the enamel.[11,12,13] In our study, of the 22 children diagnosed with erosion by the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) index, 86% had low risk of dental erosion
Seen as the natural protection of the dental surface, dental biofilm can act as a physical barrier against the erosive acid attack,(7,11,14) and act selectively, avoiding calcium and phosphate loss.[15]. This understanding is in tune with the findings of our study, in which children with dental erosion had a smaller amount of biofilm (p
Summary
Dental erosion is an oral health problem that affects mainly children and adolescents due to recent changes in lifestyle.[1] It is caused by a chemical process of irreversible loss of the mineral and superficial structure of teeth, resulting from an acid aggression with no bacterial involvement.[2] Its etiology is complex and multifactoral; it may be of intrinsic origin, when associated with the presence of gastric acid in the oral cavity, or of extrinsic origin, caused mainly by the high consumption of acid foods and beverages.[3] In the last few years, dental erosion has been in the spotlight, mainly due to its high and increasing prevalence This problem has become a concern for patients, especially when it reaches a more advanced stage, causing functional and cosmetic losses, as well as discomfort. The decreased amount of dental biofilm reduces protection against acid aggression in the teeth, and may become an aggravating factor for this oral health problem.[7]
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