Abstract
Objectives: To assess oxidative damage and lipid profile levels in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with or without tobacco chewing habit.
 Methods: Total of 141 newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with tobacco chewing habit from past >18 years were included, 136 Type 2diabetes mellitus without any tobacco chewing habit, 140 normal healthy subjects without any tobacco chewing habit were included in the study. Blood sample was collected after 8-12 hours fasting from each subject to estimate glucose and cholesterol. The plasma was used for estimation of total antioxidant (TAA) activity, Vitamin C and thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) by standard methods. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS version 16.
 Results: The glucose, cholesterol and TBARS levels were found to be increased significantly (p<0.001) in diabetic patients with tobacco chewing habit, as well as TAA, Vitamin C levels decreased significantly (p<0.001) when compared with healthy individuals.
 Conclusion: We observed increased oxidative stress and declined levels of antioxidants in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients with tobacco chewing habit. It is known that hyperglycemia induces oxidative stress and further facilitate the progression of diabetic complications.
 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(1) 2019 p.78-82
Highlights
Chewing tobacco is a major risk factor for lifestyle disorders
Higher prevalence of diabetes is due to long-term use of smokeless tobacco[8].Direct consumption of tobacco is associated with insulin resistance[9]
Reactive oxygen species produced by tobacco is one of the causes of beta cell dysfunction, protein damage and impairs endothelial function[12].Antioxidants have a protective role against the oxidative stress
Summary
Some common chewing tobacco products available in Nepal are betel-quid; khaini, gutka and zarda[1,2,3]. Khaini is known as surti in Nepal It includes a mixture of slaked lime and dried tobacco leaves[2]. Smokeless tobacco produces high levels of nicotine, which is the prime cause for oral cancer and acute cardiovascular disorders[7]. Smokeless tobacco increases the total cholesterol, triglycerides and lower high-density lipoprotein levels[11]. Tobacco and their products are rich in pro-oxidants are proved to induce oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species produced by tobacco is one of the causes of beta cell dysfunction, protein damage and impairs endothelial function[12].Antioxidants have a protective role against the oxidative stress.
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