Assessment of Oral Hygiene in Patients Using Fixed and Removable Dentures Treated at the University Dental Clinic in Krakow.

Joanna Ryniewicz,Krzysztof Gronkiewicz,Magdalena Orczykowska,Małgorzata Pihut

doi:10.3390/ijerph182211986

Joanna Ryniewicz, Krzysztof Gronkiewicz + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211986

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Abstract

Apart from local lesions, the presence of dental plaque may also have an effect on health, especially in people with general diseases. The aim of this project was to assess the oral hygiene of patients prosthetically treated at the Dental Prosthetics Clinic of the University Dental Clinic in Krakow (Poland) using fixed and removable dentures and to determine the demographic relationships and data related to the education of the respondents. The research material consisted of 120 patients who used fixed (group I) and removable (group II) restorations. Basic dental examinations and oral hygiene examinations were carried out with the use of the API (Approximal Plaque Index) and PI (Plaque Index) plaque indices. This study presents the percentage of respondents in terms of sex, place of residence, and education. The mean PI (Plaque Index) values were 46.73% (Group I) and 50.05% (Group II). (p = 0.4839). The mean values of API (Approximal Plaque Index) amounted to 65.14% (Group I) and 68.94% (Group II) (p = 0.4695). Patients using dentures showed insufficient oral hygiene, and the hygiene status of patients did not depend on the type of dentures used. The group that is most often treated with prosthetics is women with secondary education. The most numerous group of patients at the Dental Prosthetics Clinic are people living in large cities which results from easier access to health care.

Highlights

The specificity of the prosthetic treatment of patients with missing teeth is based on the use of fixed and removable prosthetic restorations
Appropriate tools for monitoring the state of hygiene are hygiene indices, which are convenient tool for determining the amount of plaque both in the area of the teeth and in the area of dentures [3,5,11,18–23]. The aim of this project was to assess the status of the oral hygiene of patients treated prosthetically at the Dental Prosthetics Clinic of the University Dental Clinic in Krakow (Poland) using fixed and removable dentures and to determine the demographic relationships and data related to the education of the respondents
With regard to the value of the approximal plaque index (API) index, the results shown in the literature are at a similar level

Summary

Introduction

The specificity of the prosthetic treatment of patients with missing teeth is based on the use of fixed and removable prosthetic restorations. These dentures enable the patient to chew and speak and improve their facial aesthetics. They have an impact on the patient’s emotional sphere [1]. Dentures operating in the stomatognathic system may, if patients do not maintain proper hygiene, have a negative impact on the local condition of the oral cavity and the patient’s general health. A few hours after inserting the prosthesis into the oral cavity, the accumulation of bacterial plaque on its surface and in the area of the dentition was observed [2]. The excessive growth of microorganisms leads to a lowering of the saliva pH and a reduction in the protective properties of the oral mucosa [4,5]

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