Assessment of oral health status and treatment needs among people of Foklyan area, Dharan, Nepal

A Singh,T K Bhagat,A Shrestha,D D Baral

doi:10.1186/s12903-020-01312-2

A Singh, T K Bhagat + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-020-01312-2

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Abstract

BackgroundOral diseases are a major public health problem globally due to high prevalence and significant social impact. Foklyan is a peri urban area with people belonging to indigenous population of low socioeconomic status. This study was conducted to assess the oral health status and treatment needs among the people of Foklyan area, Dharan.MethodsCross-sectional house to house survey was conducted on 310 randomly selected participants. The participants were stratified into five age groups as per WHO Basic Oral Health Survey Methods 1997 and further categorized by gender. WHO Oral Health Assessment form 1997, WHO oral health assessment questionnaire for adult/children 2013 and questionnaire for oral hygiene practice and cost as a treatment barrier were used. The examinations were done as per WHO standard guidelines.ResultsMost of the participants were from low socioeconomic background (71.3%). About 40% of the participants deferred dental visit due to financial burden. Although 99% of the participants brushed their teeth, there was high caries experience (DMFT: 3.18 ± 5.85; dft: 2.40 ± 2.65). Mean sextant score for bleeding was 5.58 in 35–44 years age group and 5.61 in 65–74 years age group. Tobacco consumption was seen in 70.9% of the adults. Prevalence of alcohol consumption was 58.8% among adult age groups.ConclusionThe prevalence of dental caries, periodontal diseases, and prosthetic needs were more compared to national data. There is a need for oral health promotion in this area.

Highlights

Oral diseases are a major public health problem globally due to high prevalence and significant social impact
The majority of the participants belonged to Dalit and Janajati category and about 12.3% belonged to Brahmin– Chhetri category as classified by Nepal Demographic and Health Survey [13]
Most of the people belonged to the lower class (71.3%) followed by the middle class (1.6%) and about 27.1% did not respond to socioeconomic status

Summary

Introduction

Oral diseases are a major public health problem globally due to high prevalence and significant social impact. This study was conducted to assess the oral health status and treatment needs among the people of Foklyan area, Dharan. Oral health is a standard of the oral and related tissues which enables an individual to eat, speak, and socialize without active disease, discomfort, or embarrassment and which contributes to general wellbeing [1]. Oral diseases have a significant impact on the health and wellbeing of an individual through pain, morbidity, mortality, In Nepal, ever since the commencement of National Oral Health policy in year 2004 A.D. there has been significant amount of dental problems identified but still at present the prevention and treatment of oral diseases is virtually unavailable to the rural and underprivileged population due to various educational, cultural and socioeconomic burdens [2]. The maximum burden of all diseases rests with the disadvantaged and socially marginalized [3]

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