Abstract
Ethiopia is centre of origin for crops such as sorghum, teff, coffee and enset and centre of diversity for many other crops (wheat, barley, Ethiopian mustard, chickpea lentils and finger millet). Similarly eastern Hararghe has diverse agro-ecology that shows diversity of many crops. So, a total of 15 land race crop species was identified with 36 accessions from 2 regions and 6woreda. From total 15 farmer variety of crop and 36 accession, sorghum are the highest accession and more cultivated in study area and it account 13 accession (36.1%). From the total survey of woreda, Qarsa is the most diverse crop species since it has a wide agro-ecology and holds ten crop species 66.7% of total crop in study area. Jarso is the second crop diversity in study area it hold eight crop species (53.3%). Sofi and Babile are the third crop diversity in study area it hold four crop species each (26.7%). Expansion of chat and replacement of modern variety in study area are the most loss of farmer variety it holds 45% and 40% respectively. Six farmer crop species in study area like Badu Oanyii, Shakoo, Bukuri, Minjar, Barley and wheat are threatened in study area due to Replacement of modern variety, no good test and low value market, birds’ interest, lack of fodder, weed and drought. Therefore, creating awareness for local farmers on how to manage the crop effectively (sowing, weeding, harvesting and storing) and conserve the landrace variety. More agricultural research should be conducted on the characters and requirement of the crops for various regions and environments to conserve landrace variety.
Highlights
Ethiopia is recognized as an important source of the public goods associated with crop genetic diversity conservation
Ethiopia is considered as centre of origin for crops such as: sorghum, teff, coffee and enset, and is centre of diversity for many others such as: wheat, barley, Ethiopian mustard, chickpea lentils and finger millet
From the total surveyed of woreda, Qarsa is the most diverse crop species since it wide agro-ecology it hold ten crop species 66.7% of total crop in study area
Summary
Ethiopia is recognized as an important source of the public goods associated with crop genetic diversity conservation. According to Mekbib [17], Ethiopian is characterized by diverse agro-ecology, which account for the enormous diversity of biological resources that exist in the country. Ethiopia is considered to be the centre of origin and diversity for instance; tef (Eragrostis tef), coffee (Coffea arabica), noug (Guizotia abyssinica), gesho (Rhamnus prinoides), enset (Ensete ventricosum), Yam (Dioscorea abyssinica) and chat (Catha edulis). Those crops are distributed over a wide range of agro-ecological areas in the country [22, 23]. The number of crop accessions of Ethiopian origin that have been introduced to various international and foreign national crop improvement programs and seed companies is enormous which accounts more than 1800 for wheat and more than 4500 for sorghum, around 2500 for barley and more than 900, large numbers are reported for chickpea, lentil and finger millet [12]
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