Assessment of neuron-specific enolase, S100B and malondialdehyde levels in serum and vitreous of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Abstract

To assess the vitreous and serum levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S100B and malondialdehyde (MDA) in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) cases and investigate the correlation between preoperative and postoperative anatomical and clinical features. The study group included patients who had pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for PDR. The control group included non-diabetic individuals who underwent PPV surgery for vitreoretinal interface disorders. Samples of serum were taken from all participants preoperatively, while vitreous samples were taken during the PPV. Vitreous and serum levels of NSE, S100B and MDA were measured, and comparisons were made between the groups. The study group consisted of 56 eyes of 56 cases with PDR. The control group consisted of 20 eyes of 20 cases. The concentrations of vitreous NSE, S100B and MDA were significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.0001, p < 0.05, p < 0.001, respectively). Serum levels were statistically different for NSE and S100B (p < 0.05). Our results clearly show that vitreous levels of S100B, NSE and MDA and serum concentrations of NSE and S100B increased significantly in patients with PDR. The findings may possibly indicate neurodegeneration and oxidative stress; therefore, these markers may have a diagnostic value in patients with PDR.