Assessment of natural groundwater physico-chemical properties in major industrial and residential locations of Lagos metropolis

Lekan Taofeek Popoola,Tajudeen Adejare Aderibigbe,Adeyinka Sikiru Yusuff

doi:10.1007/s13201-019-1073-y

Lekan Taofeek Popoola, Tajudeen Adejare Aderibigbe + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-019-1073-y

Copy DOI

Abstract

This study investigated groundwater quality collected from two industrial and residential locations in each of Lagos metropolis. Prescribed standard procedures of American Public Health Association were used to measure physico-chemical parameters of each of the groundwater samples which include pH, EC, DO, TDS, BOD, COD, anions (Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, PO43−) and heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, Fe, Co, Cd and Cr). From laboratory analysis, measured physico-chemical parameters were within the permissible ranges specified by the WHO and NSDWQ except pH, TDS, EC, Pb, Mn and Fe for groundwater samples from industrial locations and pH, Pb, Mn and Fe for residential locations. Higher concentrations of TDS and EC reported for groundwater samples from industrial locations were attributed to heavy discharge of effluents from industrial treatment plants as well as dissolution of ionic heavy metals from industrial activities of heavy machines. Statistical Pearson’s correlation revealed physico-chemical parameters of water quality to be moderately and strongly correlated with one another at either p < 0.05 or < 0.01.

Highlights

Lagos has been identified as the most populous mega-city in Nigeria controlling 40% of the country’s industrial and manufacturing activities contributing 8000 tons of hazardous waste per year into the environment (Adewolu et al 2009)
It is believed that estimated parameters with concentrations higher than those specify by the World Health Organization (WHO) and other health regulatory bodies suggest poor drinking water quality (WHO 2011)
Two litres of groundwater samples were collected from boreholes of Deli foods (IW1) and OK foods (IW2)

Summary

Introduction

Lagos has been identified as the most populous mega-city in Nigeria controlling 40% of the country’s industrial and manufacturing activities contributing 8000 tons of hazardous waste per year into the environment (Adewolu et al 2009). Natural groundwater contamination occurred due to transportation of toxic and hazardous materials resulting from residential and industrial activities via leaching into underground within Lagos metropolis This posed alarming health hazards to Lagos habitants whose major source of water supply for domestic purposes comes from underground water. It is believed that estimated parameters with concentrations higher than those specify by the World Health Organization (WHO) and other health regulatory bodies suggest poor drinking water quality (WHO 2011). Groundwater samples were obtained from prominent industrial and residential locations of Lagos State, Nigeria, and were evaluated to know the concentration of heavy metals (copper, zinc, lead, manganese, iron, cobalt, cadmium and chromium) that are present and other physico-chemical properties such as total dissolved solid, pH, electrical conductivity, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, chloride, nitrate and sulphate (Mohsin et al 2013). Statistical Pearson’s correlation was used to check the level of correlation of physico-chemical parameters at p < 0.05 or < 0.01 in groundwater samples collected from examined locations

Materials and methods

Results and discussion

Conclusion