Assessment of multi-dimensional sustainability of vernacular architecture from global perspective: A critical review over the period (2000-2023)

Abstract

Vernacular architecture has been adopted throughout the world considering environmental, socio-cultural and economic contexts specific to geographical regions. Vernacular architecture oriented research has become exceedingly important from the viewpoint of global climate change, accounting for the occurrences of bio-climatic, structural and socio-economic changes. Conventional building materials like steel, cement, bricks are found to consume a significant amount of energy during their production, transportation and installation. A significant shift in construction practice prioritising the usage of sustainable materials, renewable energy and cutting-edge technologies as found in vernacular architecture is required to address the global energy and environmental crises. This study reviews the progress of vernacular architecture related research across the world over the past two decades (2000-2023). It shows an increasing trend in the number of studies, driven by a growing awareness of the importance of preserving traditional construction practices and adapting them to modern needs. Besides, it signifies the need to address the environmental and social challenges of urbanisation and globalisation. This research assesses the structural, bio-climatic and socio-economic aspects of vernacular architecture. The findings can impact the development of sustainable building practices in both rural and urban areas thereby contributing to the development of a more sustainable society.