Abstract
This paper presents the results of a complex analysis of particles isolated from various kinds of oils (automobile engine and transmission oils, hydraulic and compressor oils) and oil filters. Morphological analysis was performed using analytical ferrography in combination with scanning electron microscopy, local electron microanalysis and image analysis. The results are a contribution to the quantitative assessment of processes connected with the wear of parts of vehicles and industrial machinery.
Highlights
Lubricating oil has many functions: to reduce friction between wear surfaces, to prevent deposition of impurities on the lubricated surfaces and conserve them, to conduct friction heat away, to reduce the penetration of foreign particles from the outside, to prevent aggregation of impurities, to take away wear particles
The particles sediment in dependence on their size, composition and shape on a suitable pad, on which it is possible to evaluate them by means of a microscope (“small” particles of dimensions smaller than 5m correspond to normal adhesive wear, “big” particles larger than 15m is a warning of approaching damage of the parts which are washed by the analyzed oil)
The image analysis was used for the evaluation of particles separated on ferrograms and particles isolated from oil filters; for the latter group of particles EDX-analysis was done
Summary
Lubricating oil has many functions: to reduce friction between wear surfaces, to prevent deposition of impurities on the lubricated surfaces and conserve them, to conduct friction heat away, to reduce the penetration of foreign particles from the outside, to prevent aggregation of impurities, to take away wear particles. The evaluation of the number, size, shape, colour, character of the surface and other morphological properties of individual wear particles, especially in combination with the knowledge of their chemical composition, will suggest a lot about which part they are from and which mechanism has caused them This information can contribute to the elimination of the risk of damage or breakdown of the machine, without the need to demount the equipment. In dependence on their size, composition and shape on a suitable pad (glass or plastic), on which it is possible to evaluate them by means of a microscope (“small” particles of dimensions smaller than 5m correspond to normal adhesive wear, “big” particles larger than 15m is a warning of approaching damage of the parts which are washed by the analyzed oil) This method is based on the following two basic presumptions: 1. This method has a wide number of possibilities of application in the fields utilizing microscopic technology
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