Assessment of low-carbon energy transitions policies for the energy demand sector of Cameroon

Abstract

This study assesses Cameroon's future energy demand, associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the impact of various low-carbon transition policies on the energy system from 2016 to 2045. The Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP) model was used to develop the Reference (REF scenario) and three alternative scenarios: the Medium Transition Scenario (MTS), High Transition Scenario (HTS) and Advanced Transition Scenario (ATS). The alternative scenarios define varying ambitions in implementing energy efficiency, demand side management and fuel switching policies on the energy demand sector in the country for socioeconomic development. Results for the REF scenario shows the energy demand and associated GHG emissions increase to 9079.98 ktoe and 10.2 Mt CO2e by 2045, representing annual growth rates of 3.53 % and 2.69 % respectively. The alternative scenarios all experience varying and lower growth rates compared to the REF scenario, the least under the ATS. This indicates switching to cleaner fuels in the residential and transport sectors hold the highest potential for emission savings. The study further recommends key energy efficiency and demand side management measures, financial incentives and other strategies the government could adopt to achieves significant energy emissions reduction.