Assessment of Low Bone Mineral Density in Untreated Patients with Takayasu's Arteritis.

Lingfei Mo,Bomiao Ju,Jing Wang,Juan Tian,Lan He,Jing Luo,Yanhua Wang,Rafael Scaf De Molon

doi:10.1155/2021/6489631

Abstract

Chronic inflammation affects bone metabolism and accelerates bone loss. This study is aimed at analyzing the prevalence of low bone mineral density (LBMD) in patients with untreated Takayasu's arteritis (TA) and risk factors. Forty untreated TA patients were enrolled, including 38 premenopausal women and 2 men before 50 years old. The control group included 60 age- and gender-matched healthy persons. Bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar vertebrae and hip in patients with TA and the control group was measured by the dual-energy X-ray method. Serum 25OHD and β-CTX were also measured. The lumbar BMD of TA patients (0.89 ± 0.11 g/cm2) was significantly lower than that of the healthy control (0.97 ± 0.11 g/cm2). The prevalence of LBMD at the lumbar spine (17.50%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (3.33%). However, there was no significant difference at the hip. The 25OHD of TA patients was lower than that of healthy controls, while the level of β-CTX was higher. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in patients with LBMD were higher than those in patients with normal BMD. According to univariate correlation analysis, there was a significant negative correlation between LDL-C and lumbar BMD. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that LDL-C was an important factor affecting the occurrence of LBMD in patients with TA (OR = 25.269, P = 0.02). Our result reveals bone loss in TA patients, which hints the relationship among inflammation, lipid metabolism, and bone metabolism.

Highlights

Osteoporosis is a systemic bone metabolic disease characterized by low bone mass, microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, decrease of bone strength, and high susceptibility to fracture [1]
Several studies have shown that bone loss is related to autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), RA, inflammatory myositis, and other connective diseases [10, 16, 17]
Ever, few studies focus on bone loss in Takayasu’s arteritis (TA)

Summary

Introduction

Osteoporosis is a systemic bone metabolic disease characterized by low bone mass, microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, decrease of bone strength, and high susceptibility to fracture [1]. No consensuses are reached on the diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis in premenopausal women [3]. Low bone mineral density (LBMD) is employed to represent “below the expected range for age.”. Previous studies have suggested a high prevalence of low bone mineral density and osteoporosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) [5]. A population-based study of 7332 SLE patients in the UK, with a 28079 age/sex-matched control group, showed that the incidence of osteoporosis in SLE increased by 2.53 times [7]. The incidence of LBMD and osteoporosis was 35.5% and 25.2% for patients with connective tissue diseases, respectively [9]

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Methods

Conclusion