Assessment of light intensity and salinity regimes on the element levels of brown macroalgae, Treptacantha barbata: Application of response surface methodology (RSM)

İlknur Ak,Gülen Türker,Onur Sever,Ekrem Cem Çankiriligi̇l

doi:10.1590/fst.25220

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https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.25220

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Abstract

In this research, the effect of light intensity and salinity regimes on the element levels of Treptacantha barbata (formerly Cystoseira barbata) was studied, and the elemental compositions of this brown alga collected from wild stocks also compared with cultured ones. In culture trials, 11 different experiments that have ranges of light intensity as 50 to 150 µmol photon m-2s-1 and salinity as 24 ‰ to 42 ‰ were designed according to response surface methodology (RSM). Our results show that the element accumulation with changes of light intensity and salinity on the T. barbata was modeled. Most of the elements were affected by the salinity instead of light intensity. All macro and microelements were detected within the recommended dosages and exposure limits. In toxic elements, the least accumulations of Al, As, Cd, and Pb were observed in low light and salinity. Also, the levels of all toxic elements, including trace elements that exceed limits, can be reduced with using these models. The most effective experiment was found as 52.0001 µmol photon m-2s-1 light and 24.086 ‰ salinity for minimized toxic element accumulation on T. barbata with 0.869 desirability.

Highlights

Macroalgae have been used as food, feed, and fertilizers for centuries, there are differences in regional or agricultural habits (Duinker et al, 2016)
T. barbata is a good source of trace elements (Bonanno & Orlando-Bonaca, 2018; Vizetto-Duarte et al, 2016), which are needed for human metabolism within optimum values (Circuncisão et al, 2018)
When we examine levels of elements according to culture trials, it is shown that the level of each element was changed at different rates by salinity and light intensity

Summary

Introduction

Macroalgae have been used as food, feed, and fertilizers for centuries, there are differences in regional or agricultural habits (Duinker et al, 2016) While aquatic species such as macroalgae are considered as alternative food sources, the first issue that appears is to ensure food safety (Duinker et al, 2016). Adequate trace elements monitoring programs of the marine environment should be a priority for the development of better environmental policies for evaluating such risks (Bonanno et al, 2020). With this regard, the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) of the European Commission was aimed to get Good Environmental Status (GES) in all marine environments until 2020. That is why the elemental composition of marine food sources should be continuously monitored

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