Assessment of Iodine Status among Pregnant Women and Neonates Using Neonatal Thyrotropin (TSH) in Mainland China after the Introduction of New Revised Universal Salt Iodisation (USI) in 2012: A Re-Emergence of Iodine Deficiency?

Hang Zhou,Zheng Feei Ma,Binyu Pan,Liya Wang,Jian Shao,Qihua Zhao,Yanyan Du,Yiming Lu

doi:10.1155/2019/3618169

Abstract

Iodine deficiency during pregnancy can cause iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). However, it is unclear about iodine and thyroid status of Chinese pregnant women and neonates after the implementation of the revised universal salt iodisation (USI) level in 2012. Therefore, the aim of the cross-sectional study was to determine iodine nutrition and thyroid status among pregnant women and their neonates in China after the implementation of USI. Medical records of pregnant women and neonates in Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital between January 2016 and December 2017 were reviewed and included. We included 3060 mother-and-newborn pairs in the study. Mean age of participants was 28.2 ± 4.1 years. TSH, FT3, and FT4 of participants were within normal reference range. The overall mean neonatal TSH, birth weight, and prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) were 4.86 ± 2.06 mIU/L, 3358 ± 455 g, and 3.2%, respectively. The prevalence of neonatal TSH values >5 mIU/L was 29.3%, suggesting iodine deficiency in the region. In conclusion, our results indicated iodine deficiency in the region, according to the neonatal TSH cutoff recommended by WHO/UNICEF/IGD. More efforts are urgently required to improve iodine status of pregnant women in the region in order to prevent a re-emergence of iodine deficiency.

Highlights

Iodine is needed by the thyroid gland for the production of thyroid hormones [1]
Determination of Neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), Birth Weight, and 10 min APGAR Score. e overall mean neonatal TSH was 4.86 ± 2.06 mIU/L. ere were 29.3% of neonatal TSH values >5 mIU/L, which suggested an emergence of mild-tomoderate iodine deficiency in the region. e overall mean neonatal birth weight was 3358 ± 455 g
Our study reported no difference in mean TSH among the three trimesters of pregnancy, which is consistent with the findings reported by Liberman et al [29]. e authors reported that an increase in serum TSH during gestation can be rectified by providing iodine supplements to pregnant women [29]

Summary

Research Article

Assessment of Iodine Status among Pregnant Women and Neonates Using Neonatal Thyrotropin (TSH) in Mainland China after the Introduction of New Revised Universal Salt Iodisation (USI) in 2012: A Re-Emergence of Iodine Deficiency?. Iodine deficiency during pregnancy can cause iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) It is unclear about iodine and thyroid status of Chinese pregnant women and neonates after the implementation of the revised universal salt iodisation (USI) level in 2012. Erefore, the aim of the cross-sectional study was to determine iodine nutrition and thyroid status among pregnant women and their neonates in China after the implementation of USI. E prevalence of neonatal TSH values >5 mIU/L was 29.3%, suggesting iodine deficiency in the region. More efforts are urgently required to improve iodine status of pregnant women in the region in order to prevent a re-emergence of iodine deficiency

Introduction

Methods

Results

Maternal BMI