Abstract
Taking into account the possibilities offered by two imaging methods, X-ray microcomputed tomography (µCT) and two-dimensional optical scanning, this article discusses the possibility of using these methods to assess the internal structure of spun concrete, particularly its composition after hardening. To demonstrate the performance of the approach based on imaging, laboratory techniques based on physical and chemical methods were used as verification. Comparison of obtained results of applied research methods was carried out on samples of spun concrete, characterized by a layered structure of the annular cross-section. Samples were taken from the power pole E10.5/6c (Strunobet-Migacz, Lewin Brzeski, Poland) made by one of the Polish manufacturers of prestressed concrete E-poles precast in steel molds. The validation shows that optical scanning followed by appropriate image analysis is an effective method for evaluation of the spun concrete internal structure. In addition, such analysis can significantly complement the results of laboratory methods used so far. In a fairly simple way, through the porosity image, it can reveal improperly selected parameters of concrete spinning such as speed and time, and, through the distribution of cement content in the cross-section of the element, it can indicate compliance with the requirement for corrosion durability of spun concrete. The research methodology presented in the paper can be used to improve the production process of poles made of spun concrete; it can be an effective tool for verifying concrete structure.
Highlights
Concrete centrifugation is the process of forming and compacting concrete mix due to the normal force generated during the spinning of the mold around its longitudinal axis at a speed of500–700 rpm
Staining the pores first and the matrix, after etching it with acid, Thequantifying research procedure used is based the procedure given in air. It consists of the following allowed the morphology of theonfollowing components: voids, cement consecutive actions: the scope of analyses was expanded compared to the analysis presented matrix, and aggregate
The undoubted advantage of methods based on image is the possibility of obtaining a virtually continuous advantage of methods based on image analysis is the possibility of obtaining a virtually continuous function of porosity distribution, which in qualitative assessment
Summary
Concrete centrifugation is the process of forming and compacting concrete mix due to the normal (radial) force generated during the spinning of the mold around its longitudinal axis at a speed of500–700 rpm. As a result of the centrifugation process, concrete with a heterogeneous and layered structure is obtained [1,2,3]. The structure is different from that of precast or monolithic concrete elements, which in practice can be considered homogeneous. The spun concrete is marked by the fact that components with a larger mass (coarse grains) come to the outside of the cross-section, while components with a smaller mass (cement slurry) tend to remain inside (Figure 1). Under these conditions, the outer layer can achieve high compactness and, after hardening, high strength and resistance to chemical and mechanical impacts
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