Abstract
The results of assessing the detoxification ability of raw materials of natural origin – propolis, buds and birch leaves (Betula pendula), buds and pine needles (Pinus sylvestris) in relation to lead and cadmium ions in in vitro experiments using the I. method. G. Mokhnacheva. The plant raw materials used in the experiment contain a large number of biologically active substances, including flavonoids (propolis, buds and birch leaves, pine buds), vitamin C (pine needles), which provide a detoxifying effect. Mass concentration of heavy metals was measured by inversion voltammetry on a TA-07 analyzer. It has been shown that raw materials of natural origin have a positive effect on the decrease in the content of lead and cadmium in model solutions. The use of pine needles caused a decrease in the level of lead to 78.4 %, pine buds to 67.4, birch leaves to 62.4, birch buds to 59.4, propolis to 57.6 %. The concentration of cadmium ions in the solution decreased under the influence of pine buds to 25.9 %, birch leaves to 19.3, propolis to 17.7 pine needles to 17.1, birch buds to 14.8 %. It has been established that the most effective lead detoxifiers are propolis, pine buds and needles; cadmium – buds of pine.
Highlights
Природное растительное сырье богато биологически активными веществами, содержащими в своем составе большое количество функциональных групп (–ОН, – СООН и др.)
The plant raw materials used in the experiment contain a large number of biologically active substances
Mass concentration of heavy metals was measured by inversion voltammetry on a TA-07 analyzer
Summary
Установлено снижение концентрации ионов свинца во всех растворах природного сырья (р ≥ 0,999). Содержание ионов кадмия в растворе при использовании почек сосны снижалось от 8,9 до 25,9 % (р ≥ 0,99) Д., получаемые из растений [5, 13,14,15,16]. Пектин содержится в большом количестве в ягодах, фруктах, клубнях и стеблях растений. Самый известный способ хранения растительного сырья – это сушка. Особое распространение получили прогрессивные методы обезвоживания растительного сырья, в том числе инфракрасная (ИК) сушка [14]. Сырье природного происхождения показывает достаточно эффективные результаты по уменьшению аккумуляции свинца и кадмия. Таблица 2 Влияние добавок растительного происхождения на снижение аккумуляции антропогенных загрязнителей (на примере свинца и кадмия)
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