Abstract
Abstract. Improved national carbon assessments are important for UNFCC communications, policy studies and improving the global assessment. Use of EO for land cover dynamics, forest type, cover and phytomass carbon density, productivity and related soil carbon density and regional extrapolation of point flux measurements. A National Carbon Project (NCP) under the Indian Space Research Organisation - Geosphere Biosphere Programme (ISRO – GBP) aims at improving the understanding and quantification of net carbon balance. The NCP has been implemented with three major components – (A) vegetation carbon pools, (B) Soil carbon pools and (C) Soil and Vegetation – Atmosphere Fluxes. A total of 6500 field plot data from forests and trees outside forests have been collected. 1500 field plots have been inventoried for the soil carbon based on the remotely sensed data stratification. A nationwide network of carbon flux towers in different ecosystems for the measurement and modeling of the net carbon flux using eddy covariance techniques is being established and upscaling using satellite remote sensing data and modelling is under process. The amplitude of the diurnal variation in NEE increased with growth of wheat and reached its peak around the pre-anthesis stage. Besides, under NCP, satellite diurnal CO2 have also analyzed the data obtained from AIRS and SCIAMACHY over India and surrounding oceans and was correlated with surface fluxes. The CASA model simulations over India using NOAA AVHRR NDVI.
Highlights
The annual carbon pools inclusive of the atmosphere to the biosphere become critical in regulating the increasing rate of atmospheric CO2
The National Carbon Project was implemented as a set of three inter-related sub-projects and recent results from different sub projects and challenges ahead of the project are presented in the paper
2003 prepared a database of published measurements of soil organic carbon containing information on location, soil type, texture, measured/estimated bulk density and forest type in Indian forests. It was used for estimating soil organic carbon densities for various forest types for two-depth classes (0–50 and 0–100 cm)
Summary
The annual carbon pools inclusive of the atmosphere to the biosphere become critical in regulating the increasing rate of atmospheric CO2. The agriculture covering around 180 M ha and forests covering 68 M ha contributes largely to terrestrial carbon dynamics in India (Chhabra and Dadhwal 2004, Kaul et al 2009).The diverse cropping patterns, wet land rice ecosystems and temporally variant dry land agriculture makes Indian agriculture carbon fluxes assessment and understanding complex. The diverse natural and anthropogenic sources of CO2 and long range transport of atmospheric gases across varied topographic gradients as a function of intra and inter annual climatic variations affects sink potential of different categories of land cover. This necessitates regular measurements and monitoring of atmospheric CO2 and its transport modelling. The National Carbon Project was implemented as a set of three inter-related sub-projects and recent results from different sub projects and challenges ahead of the project are presented in the paper
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