ASSESSMENT OF HUMIDIFICATION OF THE TERRITORY OF VINNITSA REGION BY THE RATIO OF PRECIPITATION AND EVAPORABILITY

Abstract

The article contains information on the results of the analysis of the distribution of atmospheric precipitation and humidification in the Vinnytsia region. Vinnytsia region is located in the forest-steppe zone, but belongs to an area with unstable humidification with a high probability of dry years. Both in wet and dry years, the amount of precipitation increases from east to west towards the Carpathians.
 To show the patterns of precipitation distribution, published sources and reference books on climate with normative indicators for precipitation for 45 points of the Vinnitsa region were analyzed. The humidification coefficient was calculated in relation to annual precipitation to evaporability.
 Analysis of the geographical distribution of precipitation and humidification showed their dependence on relief, orohydrography and exposure of slopes. At altitudes less than 100 m (in the Dniester river valley), the amount of precipitation is 480-490 mm per year and the humidification coefficient is 0.60-0.62, and on windward slopes they increase to 517-520 mm and 0.62-0.64, respectively. On vistas of 100-150 m, the amount of precipitation increases to 504-520 mm and humidification to 0.63-0.65. For heights of 150-200 m, the average precipitation for the year is 500-510 mm and the humidification coefficient is 0.64. Most observation points are located at absolute altitudes from 200 to 300 m. At altitudes of 200-250 m, the amount of precipitation and humidification increases to 490-520-540-560 mm per year and 0.62-0.67-0.70-0.76. At altitudes of 250-275 m, precipitation amounts to 485-505-530-550 mm per year and humidification coefficients 0.63-0.66-0.73-0.75. The largest values ​ ​ of average annual precipitation and humidification coefficients are observed at altitudes of 275-300 and more than 300 m (510-540-550-560-570 mm and 0.65-0.72-0.76-0.77).
 The northern territory of the region is located in the zone of optimal humidification of typical forest-steppes. Most of the territory is located in the zone of insufficient humidification (less than 0.7-0.65). A coefficient of insufficient humidification typical of the steppe zone (0.65-0.60) is determined for 16 points in areas south of the latitude of the cities of Gaisin and. Mooded Kurilovtsy. In a warm season, there are 3-5 periods without rains lasting 10-11 days. In 25% of cases, the duration of idle periods increases to 11-20 days, in 5% - to 21-30 days and 1-3% cases to 30-50 days or more.
 Thus, the largest amount of precipitation (525-560 mm on average per year) falls in the north and northeast within the Dnieper Upland. In the South Bug Valley, annual rainfall decreases from northwest to southeast to 520-490 mm. On the Podolsk Upland and Vinnytsia Transnistria, the amount of precipitation varies from 500-550 mm per year on watersheds to 490-480 mm in river valleys. In most of the territory south of the latitude of Vinnitsa, humidification is insufficient, and south of the latitude of Gaisin, the humidification coefficient is the same as in the steppe zone (0.64-0.60).
 Keywords: Vinnytsia region, climate, humidification coefficient, precipitation, distribution.