Assessment of heavy metals in farmed shrimp, Penaeus monodon sampled from Khulna, Bangladesh: An inimical to food safety aspects

Chinmoy Biswas,Sadia Sarmin Soma,Md Fazle Rohani,Md Hamidur Rahman,Abul Bashar,Md Sazzad Hossain

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06587

Chinmoy Biswas, Sadia Sarmin Soma + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06587

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Journal: Heliyon	Publication Date: Mar 1, 2021
Citations: 28	License type: cc-by

Affiliation: Bangladesh Agricultural University

Abstract

The analytical experiment was executed to present detailed reports on the concentration of heavy metals (nickel, iron, zinc, manganese, chromium, lead, and cadmium) in farmed shrimp, Penaeus monodon and its concomitant human health risks upon consumption. A total of 147 farms from six sub-districts of Khulna were selected for sample collection and concentration of heavy metals were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) method, following electro-thermal heater digestion. Ni and Cr were found considerably below the detectable limit (BDL) in four sub-districts, while Cr found in shrimps from Rupsa and Paikgacha were far higher than the maximum recommended limit defined by FAO and WHO. The average concentrations of Fe and Mn in all sub-districts crossed the recommendations, whereas average concentrations of Zn, Ni, Cd, and Pb were within the recommendations. Regardless of sampling site, target hazard quotients (THQ) of more than 1 contributed by Fe confirmed higher level of hazard index (HI), indicating potential human health risk. Fortunately, no heavy metal or their additive effect found to offer lifetime potency of carcinogenesis upon consumption of these shrimps. Therefore, probabilistic non-carcinogenic human health risk from Fe contamination necessitates stringent monitoring and controlling of this metal from different sources to farms.

Highlights

Shrimp (Penaeus monodon), rich in protein, minerals, vitamins, antioxidants, essential amino acids, and unsaturated fatty acids [1, 2], is considered as one of the most beneficial shellfish aliments for human consumption
Further digestion and analysis were performed in Fish Nutrition Laboratory and Interdisciplinary Institute for Food Security (IIFS) Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU)
Fe concentrations The highest average concentration of Fe (358.995 Æ 52.139 mg/kg) was observed in the shrimps collected from Rupsa whereas the lowest average (184.084 Æ 32.636 mg/kg) from Batiaghata (Figure 3)

Summary

Introduction

Shrimp (Penaeus monodon), rich in protein, minerals, vitamins, antioxidants, essential amino acids, and unsaturated fatty acids [1, 2], is considered as one of the most beneficial shellfish aliments for human consumption. Bangladesh, the 5th ranked aquaculture producing country [3], produces vast amount (0.239 million metric tons in Fiscal Year 2017–18) of shrimp each year. This huge production earns significant amount of foreign currency (503.93 million USD in 2018) [4] by exporting to the global markets, in the USA, Europe and Japan [5]. Heavy metals in aquatic systems are mainly sourced from anthropogenic practices, including agricultural deeds, landfill erosions, embarkation and docking activities, industrial and domestic wastewater as well as natural processes [6, 12, 13]. Food chain is considered as the main pathway of heavy metals accumulation and metals can create human health hazards upon consumption of these contaminated aquatic foods [15]

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