Abstract
Water is a precious natural resource for life, and more vulnerable to different contaminations; it has become less and less drinkable because it is polluted and can carry pathogenic germs that cause water diseases. The population of the Al-Hoceima region is supplied with drinking water from the network of the National Drinking Water Board, which is not widespread in rural areas where there is the frequent use of communal water points (spring or well). Health concerns remain related to the consumption of untreated well water, in the absence of a department responsible for the management of well water (development, equipment, treatment, protection, and quality control). To preserve the health of the population from any source of contamination carried by water, the Ministry of Health, carries out, through the provincial hygiene services, the control and monitoring of the physical-chemical and bacteriological quality of water in the framework of the fight against water diseases. The objective of this work was to determine the state of groundwater quality in the Al-Hoceima region, based on the study of physicochemical and bacteriological parameters. A control of 41 collective water points was carried out, including 30 wells and 11 springs. The collected samples were analyzed to measure some physical parameters: electrical conductivity, pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen, possibly looking for indicator germs of fecal contamination, namely coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli, and intestinal enterococci. The results revealed fecal contamination of all collective water points by coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli. Appropriate measures must be taken for the disinfection of these waters before their use.
Highlights
Access to healthy drinking water is an indispensable condition for human health
Nearly 2 billion people use a drinking water source contaminated with feces, putting them at risk of cholera, dysentery, typhoid, and poliomyelitis [2]. 1.5 million Children die each year from diarrhea, among other things, and one-third of these deaths could be prevented by providing adequate sanitation services [2]
Groundwater is traditionally the preferred water resource for drinking water, as it is estimated to be less polluting than surface water
Summary
Access to healthy drinking water is an indispensable condition for human health. the importance of water, sanitation, and hygiene for health and development is reflected in the conclusions of a series of international forum [1]. Untreated or polluted water carries viruses, bacteria, parasites, and plant or animal micro-organisms that can cause serious diseases in humans. These diseases related to unsafe water are called waterborne diseases. Groundwater is traditionally the preferred water resource for drinking water, as it is estimated to be less polluting than surface water. Groundwater has always been an important source of drinking water for local populations, and surface water is used for animal watering and irrigation. The majority of municipalities use well water and springs to meet their water needs These wells can be constructed or not, as water can be treated or not.
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