Abstract
This study aimed to study the coactivation patterns of the hamstring and quadriceps muscle groups during submaximal strength exercises commonly used in injury prevention in soccer without the use of maximum voluntary isometric contraction testing. This was used to compare: (i) the inter-limb differences in muscle activation; (ii) the intra-muscular group activation pattern and (iii) the activation pattern during different phases of the exercise. Muscle activation was recorded by surface electromyography in 19 elite, male, youth soccer players. Participants performed the following: Bulgarian squat, lunge and squat. Electrical activity was recorded for the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris and semitendinosus. No significant inter-limb differences were found (F1, 13 = 619; p = 0.82; η2 = 0.045). Significant differences were found in the muscle activation between individual muscles within the quadriceps and hamstrings muscle group for each of the exercises: Bulgarian squat (F1,18 = 331: p < 0.001; η2 = 0.80), lunge (F4,72 = 114.5; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.86) and squat (F1,16 = 247.31; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.93). Differences were found between the different phases of each of the exercises (F2,26 = 52.27; p = 0.02; η2 = 0.80). The existence of an activation pattern of each of the muscles in the three proposed exercises could be used for muscle assessment and as a tool for reconditioning post-injury.
Highlights
Performance in soccer depends on psychological, physiological and biomechanical factors [1,2].The study of these factors helps improve performance and works towards injury prevention.Performance and injury prevention are not isolated fields, and the presence of an injury can affect on-field performance
For the successive comparisons the mean activation between the two legs was used as the dependent variable
Significant differences were found in the muscle activation between different muscles within the muscle group for each of the exercises (Table 1): Bulgarian squat (F1,18 = 331; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.80), lunge (F4,72 = 114.5; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.86) and squat (F1,16 = 247.31; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.93)
Summary
Performance in soccer depends on psychological, physiological and biomechanical factors [1,2].The study of these factors helps improve performance and works towards injury prevention.Performance and injury prevention are not isolated fields, and the presence of an injury can affect on-field performance. Performance in soccer depends on psychological, physiological and biomechanical factors [1,2]. The study of these factors helps improve performance and works towards injury prevention. Performance and injury prevention are not isolated fields, and the presence of an injury can affect on-field performance. Muscular capacity has been traditionally measured using isokinetic machines [4,5]. These machines measure the torque generated in isolated joint rotations (for example, in knee flexion and extension), and the torque generated is associated with the primary muscle group responsible for that
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