Assessment of groundwater vulnerability using GOD models: A case study of shallow aquifer in Krendowahono, Karanganyar Regency

Abstract

Krendowahono Village, located in Karanganyar regency, Indonesia, has faced a clean water crisis as the wells produce turbid, salty, and smelly water. Therefore, groundwater vulnerability analysis research was conducted to manage groundwater sources applying the GOD models. GOD is an overlay and index method to determine groundwater vulnerability using GIS-based cartography and three parameters, including G = groundwater occurrence, O = overlying lithology, and D = depth to water. The evaluation and mapping of groundwater vulnerability were performed with the GOD index obtained from each parameter’s predetermined values. Results showed the vulnerability levels of shallow aquifers in Krendowahono Village are divided into 3 levels of high, moderate, and low vulnerability. A high vulnerability level area is found in the eastern part. This area was identified as having an unconfined aquifer type and a low groundwater level so that it is more easily polluted. Therefore, people in these areas are encouraged to treat their domestic water properly and always maintain groundwater quality.