Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Outer Skirts of Kota City with Reference to its Potential of Scale Formation and Corrosivity

Nitin Gupta,S M Nafees,S Kalpana,Manish Kumar Jain

doi:10.1155/2011/607836

Abstract

Kota City is a prominent industrial and educational town of Rajasthan state, India. Mega industrial projects of cement, fertilizers, power plant, oil seed processing units are located nearby the city. The groundwater of study area is used in domestic as well as in industrial activities. It is worthwhile to know the water quality status and its effect on entity, which is exposed in practical use. A comprehensive assessment of water quality parameters in groundwater samples drawn from 24 different locations, 6 sites from each direction at outer skirts of Kota City of Rajasthan, India, in four seasons of years 2006 to 2008 was carried out. To find out the suitability and stability of water, various indices available to assess the scale formation and corrosivity was used. The Langelier saturation index (LSI) and Ryznar saturation index (RSI) were calculated and discussed with respect to saturation level.

Highlights

Groundwater sources range over a broad spectrum of chemical quality, which reflects the history of water and the region of origin
Observations and results obtained from the physicochemical analysis of groundwater samples collected from 24 different selected sites in years 2006, 2007 and 2008 in all the four major seasons i.e. winter, spring, pre-monsoon and post-monsoon from outer skirts of industrial and educational Kota City are summarized in Table 2; calculated values of Langelier saturation index (LSI) and Ryznar saturation index (RSI) are shown in Table 3; interpretation of LSI and RSI with respect to scale formation and corrosivity potential is given in Table 4 & 5 respectively
Calculated values of Langelier saturation index (LSI) varied from 0.80 to 2.37 with an overall average of 1.52 for all the samples analyzed in four major seasons in year 2006; from 1.31 to 2.42 with an overall average of 1.95 for all the samples analyzed in four major seasons in year 2007; from 1.02 to 2.40 with an overall average of 1.75 for all the samples analyzed in four major seasons in years 2008 and the average values of three successive years varied from 1.19 to 2.40 with an overall average of 1.72

Summary

Introduction

Groundwater sources range over a broad spectrum of chemical quality, which reflects the history of water and the region of origin. The effect of water on the industrial equipment, piping system, utensils and other objects, appears in four forms: fouling, deposition, aggression and corrosion. Fouling is a complex phenomenon resulting from the accumulation of undesirable deposition on surface. Corrosion is the end result of electro chemical reaction between water and the metal components. The occurrence of scale formation and corrosion in natural and processed waters can cause serious operational and cost problems in industries and drinking water supply systems[4]. To evaluate the scale formation and corrosivity potential of water, so many indices are there but Langelier saturation index (LSI) and Ryzner saturation index (RSI) are the most famous CaCO3 saturation indices, in which LSI determines whether water has tendency to precipitate or dissolve CaCO3 and RSI estimates the quantity of the precipitated or dissolved amount of CaCO3. It is believed that supersaturated waters are scale forming whereas undersaturated waters are corrosive

Methods

Results

Conclusion